Joshua 10

^I {untranslated} = hayah. This is to be or become, to happen.
^II “King” = melek. From malak (to be or become king or queen, to rise to the throne, to be crowned; by implication, to take counsel). This is king or royal.
^III “Adoni-zedek” = Adoni-tsedeq. 2x in OT. From adon (lord, master, owner) + tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, just cause, vindication; that which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense; abstractly equity; figuratively prosperity). This is Adoni-zedek, a name that means “lord of righteousness” or “lord of justice.”
^IV “Jerusalem” = Yerushalaim. From yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (to make amends, to be complete or sound). This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

^V “heard” = shama. This is to hear, call, consent, or consider. It implies listening intelligently, giving attention, and, because of these two factors, obedience and action are often implied.
^VI “Joshua” = Yehoshua. Related to {untranslated} in v1. From YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; the self-existent and eternal one); {from havah (to become) or from hayah (see note I above)} + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone). This is Joshua, Jeshua, or Yehoshua, which means “the Lord is salvation.”
^VII “taken” = lakad. This is to capture, seize, or imprison. It is to catch something in a snare or net or trap. It can also mean to occupy of select something by casting lots.
^VIII “Ai” = Ay. Perhaps from iy (a ruin or a heap as a place that was overturned); from avah (to bend, twist, be amiss). This is Ai, a city in Canaan. It means “ruin.”

^IX “utterly destroyed” = charam. This is to ban, destroy, devote, seclude. It is to dedicate to a religious purpose, often for destruction.
^X {untranslated} = ken. Perhaps from kun (properly, in a perpendicular position; literally, to establish, fix, fasten, prepare; figuratively, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.
^XI “done” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^XII “Jericho” = Yericho. From yareach (moon); {from the same as yerach (month)} OR from ruach (smell, breathe, perceive, anticipate, accept, enjoy). This is Jericho meaning either “moon city” or “fragrant place.”

^XIII “inhabitants” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^XIV “Gibeon” = Gibon. From the same as Geba (Geba or Gibeah; hillock); from the same as gabia (cup, bowl, flower; root might mean being convex). This is Gibeon or Gibon, meaning hilly.
^XV “made peace” = shalam. Related to “Jerusalem” in v1. See note IV above.
^XVI “Israel” = Yisrael. From sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.

^XVII “were” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^XVIII “among” = qereb. Perhaps from qarab (to come near or approach). This is among, in the midst, before, the center It is the inward part, whether literal or figurative. It can also be used for the heart, the site of thoughts and feelings. This word is also used as a technical term for the entrails of the animals who are sacrificed.
^XIX “greatly” = meod. Perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^XX “became…frightened” = yare. This is to fear, be afraid, dreadful. It can also refer to fearful reverence – to fear in a moral sense is to say to revere, respect.

^XXI “large” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^XXII “city” = iyr. From uwr (to awaken or wake oneself up). This can mean excitement in the sense of wakefulness or city. Properly, this is a place that is guarded. Guards kept schedules according to watches. This sense of the word would include cities as well as encampments or posts that were guarded.
^XXIII “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^XXIV “royal” = mamlakah. Related to “King” in v1. From the same as melek (see note II above). This is kingdom, dominion, sovereignty, rule. It can also refer to the realm.

^XXV “larger” = gadol. Same as “large” in v2. See note XXI above.
^XXVI “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^XXVII “men” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.
^XXVIII “warriors” = gibbor. From gabar (to be strong or mighty; to prevail or be insolent). This is strong, mighty, or powerful. This can imply a warrior, hero, or tyrant.
^XXIX “sent” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^XXX “Hebron” = Chebron. From cheber (company, society, enchantment, wide); from chabar (to unite, ally, attach, touch; to join in a literal or figurative sense; also, specially, using magic knots or spells to fascinate or connect). This is Hebron, meaning “seat of association” or “league.”

^XXXI “Piram” = Piram. 1x in OT. From the same as pere (a wild donkey); from para (to be fruitful, to run free as a wild animal); from the same as parah (to grow, increase, be fruitful in a literal or figurative sense). This is Piram, whose name may mean “wildly” or “like a wild donkey.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Piram.html
^XXXII “Jarmuth” = Yarmuth. 7x in OT – 6x in Joshua & 1x in Nehemiah. Perhaps from rum (to be high, rise, exalted, become proud, display, offer, present, set apart, extol; to rise in a literal or figurative sense). This is Jarmuth, a city whose name means “elevation,” heights” or “high.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Jarmuth.html
^XXXIII “Japhia” = Yaphia. 5x in OT. From yapha (shine out beams, look favorably). This is Japhia, a name and a city that means “bright” or “illustrious” or “may he cause to shine forth.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Japhia.html
^XXXIV “Lachish” = Lakish. This is Lachish or Lakish. It is a city whose name meaning is unclear.

^XXXV “Debir” = Debir. 14x in OT – 11x in Joshua & 2x in Judges & 1x in 1 Chronicles. From the same as debir (maybe a place of speaking like an oracle; the inner sanctuary of Solomon’s Temple); perhaps from dabar (to speak, declare, discuss). This is Debir, a name and city that means “place of the word” or “oracle.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Debir.html
^XXXVI “Eglon” = Eglown. 13x in OT – 8x in Joshua & 5x in Judges. From egel (male calf as one that frisks about; often one that is almost grown up); may be from the same as agol (round, circular – root meaning revolve). This is Eglon, a name and a city that means “circular” or “calf” or “heifer-like.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Eglon.html 
^XXXVII “saying” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.

^XXXVIII “come up” = alah. This is to go up, approach, ascend, be high, be a priority; to arise in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXXIX “help” = azar. This is to surround, which implies encircling to protect someone or help them out. It can also be help, ally, or support.
^XL “attack” = nakah. This is to hit whether lightly or severely. It can be used in a literal or figurative sense. So, this could be beat, punish, give wounds, kill, or slaughter.
^XLI “Israelites” = ben + Yisrael. Literally, “children of Israel.” Ben is from banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense. Yisrael is the same as “Israel” in v1. See note XVI above.
^XLII “five” = chamesh. This is five or fifth.
^XLIII “Amorites” = Emori. Related to “saying” in v3. From amar (see note XXXVII above). This is Amorite or Emori, perhaps meaning talkers.

^XLIV “gathered” = asaph. This is to gather, assemble, or bring. It can also mean to take away, destroy, or remove.
^XLV “forces” = hem. Literally, “they.”
^XLVI “went up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v4. See note XXXVIII above.
^XLVII “armies” = machaneh. From chanah (to decline, bending down, or living in tents; can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle). This is an encampment, whether of people traveling together or soldiers. So, it can be a camp band, or company as well as an army of soldiers. Also can be used of other groups like animals, angels or stars.
^XLVIII “camped” = chanah. Related to “armies” in v5. See note XLVII above.
^XLIX “made war” = lacham. This is to eat or feed on. Figuratively, it is to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction.

^L “Gibeonites” = ish + Gibon. Literally, “men of Gibeon.” Ish is the same as “men” in v2. See note XXVII above. Gibon is the same as “Gibeon” in v1. See note XIV above.
^LI “camp” = machaneh. Same as “armies” in v6. See note XLVII above.
^LII “Gilgal” = Gilgal. From galgal (wheel, wagon, whirl, whirlwind; something that rolls); from galal (to roll, roll away, wallow, commit, remove; rolling in a literal or figurative sense). This is Gilgal – perhaps circle of stones.
^LIII “abandon” = raphah + yad. Raphah is to slacken in a literal or figurative sense. So, it could be to hang, be feeble, fail, drop, be helpless, relax, slink, subside, or wait. Yad is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^LIV “servants” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.

^LV “quickly” = meherah. From mahar (being liquid, which implies flowing; hurrying forward, whether in a positive or negative sense). This is speed, quickly, shortly, promptly.
^LVI “save” = yasha. Related to “Joshua” in v1. See note VI above.
^LVII “live” = yashab. Same as “inhabitants” in v1. See note XIII above.
^LVIII “hill country” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^LIX “gathered” = qabats. This is to collect, assemble, heap, grasp, or gather.

^LX “fighting” = milchamah. Related to “made war” in v5. From lacham (see note XLIX above). This is battle, war, fighting, or one who fights (i.e. a warrior).
^LXI “force” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^LXII “mighty” = chayil. From chul (to be firm, strong, prosperous; to endure). This is strength, wealth, ability, activity. It can refer to soldier or a company of soldiers as well as goods. It is a force of people, means, or goods. It can speak of valor, virtue, or strength.

^LXIII “Lord” = YHVH. Related to {untranslated} and “Joshua” in v1. See note VI above.
^LXIV “fear” = yare. Same as “became…frightened” in v2. See note XX above.
^LXV “handed…over” = yad + natan. Literally, “into your hand I delivered.” Yad is the same as “abandon” in v6. See note LIII above. Natan is to give, put, set, offer. It is to give literally or figuratively.
^LXVI “one” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XXVII above.
^LXVII “stand” = amad. This is to stand up in a literal or figurative sense. So it can be establish, continue, endure, take a stand, act, be a servant, stand still, remain, stand against an enemy.
^LXVIII “before” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.

^LXIX “came” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^LXX “suddenly” = pithom. From the same as petha (instantly, suddenly; the wink of an eye – an instant). This is suddenly or immediately.
^LXXI “marched up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v4. See note XXXVIII above.
^LXXII “night” = layil. Properly, this refers to light twisting away. It is used for night or midnight. Figuratively, this can mean adversity.

^LXXIII “threw…into a panic” = hamam. 14x in OT. This is being noisy, confused, thrown into confusion, trouble, cause a commotion, disturb, rout, damage, destroy.
^LXXIV “before” = paneh. Same as “before” in v8. See note LXVIII above.
^LXXV “inflicted” = nakah. Same as “attack” in v4. See note XL above.
^LXXVI “crushing” = gadol. Same as “large” in v2. See note XXI above.
^LXXVII “blow” = makkah. Related to “attack” in v4. From nakah (see note XL above). This is a wound, injury, blow. Figuratively, it could be disaster, slaughter, or pestilence.

^LXXVIII “chased” = radaph. This is to chase after, pursue, hunt, or persecute. It is running after someone or something, generally with hostile motives.
^LXXIX “way” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.
^LXXX “ascent” = ma’alah. Related to “come up” in v4. From ma’aleh (ascent, platform, slope, stairs, cliff, elevation, a rise; figuratively, a priority); from alah (see note XXVIII above). This is something that arises, elevation, a journey to a higher pane. This can be used figuratively to mean having a though or being of a superior status. It is often used in a specific sense for something the mounts to a climax. This is step, stair, or high degree.
^LXXXI “Beth-horon” = Beth Choron. Related to “Israelites” in v4. 14x in OT. From bayit (house, court, family, palace, temple); {probably from banah (see note XLI above)} + chor (a hole, den, cavity); {from the same as chur (hole; a hole that was bored; a crevice where a snake lives; the cell of a prison)}. This is Beth-horon, the name of a few cities, which means “place of a hollow” or “house of hollowness” or “house of freedom” or “place of the great cavern” or “house of the free men.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Beth-horon.html

^LXXXII “struck…down” = nakah. Same as “attack” in v4. See note XL above.
^LXXXIII “Azekah” = Azeqah. 7x in OT. From azaq (to dig around, to put a fence around). This is Azekah, a place whose name means “tilled.”
^LXXXIV “Makkedah” = Maqqedah. 9x in OT – all in Joshua. Perhaps from the same as naqod (speckled or spotted; its root may refer to something that is branded or marked through a piercing action). This is Makkedah, a city that may mean “fold” as in herding.
^LXXXV {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^LXXXVI “fled” = nus. This is to flee, vanish away, hide, escape, be displayed.
^LXXXVII “before” = paneh. Same as “before” in v8. See note LXVIII above.

^LXXXVIII “slope” = morad. 5x in OT. From yarad (to go down, descend; going down in a literal or figurative sense; going to the shore or a boundary, bringing down an enemy). This is a slope, descent, or hanging (as in architecture).
^LXXXIX “threw down” = shalak. This is to throw, fling, or hurl. It can also be to throw away in a literal or figurative sense.
^XC “huge” = gadol. Same as “large” in v2. See note XXI above.
^XCI “stones” = eben. This is a stone, weight, or mason. It is part of the word “Ebenezer.”
^XCII “heaven” = shamayim. Root may mean being lofty. This is sky, the air, or heaven. It is in a dual noun form so this might refer to the part of the sky where the clouds move on the one hand and the part beyond that where the sun, moon, and stars are on the other hand.
^XCIII “died” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.

^XCIV “more” = rab. From rabab (increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc.). This is abundance, many, elder, exceedingly, great. It refers to abundance of amount, rank, or status.
^XCV “hailstones” = eben + barad. Eben is the same as “stones” in v11. See note XCI above. Barad is perhaps from barad (to hail). This is hailstone.
^XCVI “killed” = harag. This is to strike with deadly intent so it can be kill, destroy, murder, or put to death.
^XCVII “sword” = chereb. From charab (to attack, slay). This is any sharp instrument like a sword, dagger, axe, or mattock.

^XCVIII “day” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^XCIX “gave…over” = natan. Same as “handed…over” in v8. See note LXV above.
^C “spoke” = dabar. Related to “Debir” in v3. See note XXXV above.
^CI “to” = paneh. Same as “before” in v8. See note LXVIII above.
^CII “sight” = ayin. This is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).

^CIII “sun” = shemesh. This is sun or toward the east. Its root may mean being brilliant. Figuratively, this could be a ray or an arch.
^CIV “stand still” = damam. This is to cease, be or become mute, silent, still, cut off, hold peace, be astonished, or die.
^CV “moon” = yareach. Related to “Jericho” in v1. See note XII above.
^CVI “valley” = emeq. From amoq (to be deep in a literal or figurative sense; profound). This is Vale or valley – frequently part of place names.
^CVII “Aijalon” = Ayyalon. 10x in OT. From ayyal (deer, stag); {from the same as ulam (porch, hall); from the same as ul (mighty, strength, body, belly; root may mean to twist and that implies strength and power); from alam (to bind or tie fast; to be silent or speechless, whether voluntary or involuntary)} OR from ayil (strength; things that are strong or powerful: political chiefs, rams, posts, trees, oaks). This is Aijalon, several cities whose name means “deer” or “place or gazelles” or “deer-field” or “protruding one.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Aijalon.html

^CVIII “stood still” = damam. Same as “stand still” in v12. See note CIV above.
^CIX “stopped” = amad. Same as “stand” in v8. See note LXVII above.
^CX “nation” = goy. From the same root as gevah (the back, person, or body); related to gev (among); related to gaah (to rise up). This is nation or people. Often used to refer to Gentiles or foreign nations. It can also be used figuratively for a group of animals. This is where the Yiddish “goy” comes from.
^CXI “took vengeance” = naqam. This is to avenge, punish, have a grudge, execute.
^CXII “enemies” = oyeb. From ayab (to hate or be hostile to). This is a foe or enemy as one that you are hostile to.

^CXIII “written” = kathab. This is to inscribe, write, record, or decree.
^CXIV “Book” = sepher. Perhaps from saphar (to tally or record something; to enumerate, recount, number, celebrate, or declare). This can be writing itself or something that is written like a document, book, letter, evidence, bill, scroll, or register.
^CXV “Jashar” = Yashar. From yashar (to be straight, right, even, smooth, or agreeable; figuratively, to make something pleasant or prosperous). This is straight, right, level. Also, it is pleasing, whether pleasing God or pleasing other people. So, it is upright or righteous.

^CXVI “stopped” = amad. Same as “stand” in v8. See note LXVII above.
^CXVII “midheaven” = chatsi + shamayim. Chatsi is from chatsah (to halve, divide, reach, participate). This is half, middle, midnight, midst. Shamayim is the same as “heaven” in v11. See note XCII above.
^CXVIII “hurry” = uts. 10x in OT. This is to press, hurry, narrow, be close.
^CXIX “set” = bo. Same as “came” in v9. See note LXIX above.
^CXX “whole” = tamim. From tamam (to finish or accomplish; to make perfect, demonstrate that you are upright; consume; to complete in a literal or figurative sense). This is entire in a literal or figurative sense. So, it could be complete, full, intact, or without defect. Alternately, it could refer to being sound, having integrity, being sincere or perfect.

^CXXI “before” = paneh. Same as “before” in v8. See note LXVIII above.
^CXXII “since” = achar. From achar (to remain behind, linger, continue, be behind, or delay; can also imply procrastination). This is after or the last part, following.
^CXXIII “heeded” = shama. Same as “heard” in v1. See note V above.
^CXXIV “human” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XXVII above.
^CXXV “voice” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.
^CXXVI “fought” = lacham. Same as “made war” in v5. See note XLIX above.

^CXXVII “returned” = shub. To turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.”
^CXXVIII “camp” = machaneh. Same as “armies” in v6. See note XLVII above.
^CXXIX “hid” = chaba. This is to hide, hush, harden (like water freezing), or secret.
^CXXX “cave” = mearah. Perhaps from ur (to be made naked, exposed, or bare). This is a cave, cavern, den, or hole.

^CXXXI “told” = nagad. This is to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain.
^CXXXII {untranslated} = amar. Same as “saying” in v3. See note XXXVII above.
^CXXXIII “found” = matsa. This is to find, catch or acquire. It can also mean to come forth or appear. Figuratively, this can mean to meet or be together with.
^CXXXIV “roll” = galal. Related to “Gilgal” in v6. 18x in OT. See note LII above.
^CXXXV “mouth” = peh. This is mouth in a literal or figurative sense. So, more literally, it can be beak or jaws. More figuratively, it refers to speech, commands, or promises.
^CXXXVI “set” = paqad. This is to attend to or visit – can be used for a friendly or violent encounter. So, it can be to oversee, care for, avenge, or charge.

^CXXXVII “men” = enosh. Related to “men” in v2. See note XXVII above.
^CXXXVIII “guard” = shamar. This is to keep, watch, or preserve. It means to guard something or to protect it as a thorny hedge protects something.
^CXXXIX “stay” = amad. Same as “stand” in v8. See note LXVII above.
^CXL “pursue” = radaph + achar. Radaph is the same as “chased” in v10. See note LXXVIII above. Achar is the same as “since” in v14. See note CXXII above.
^CXLI “attack…from the rear” = zinneb. 2x in OT. From zanab (a tail or stub – in a literal or figurative sense); perhaps from zanab (to curtail, cut a tail off, attack from behind; perhaps from a word meaning to wag). This is to cut off, attack, curtail, wag.

^CXLII “let” = natan. Same as “handed…over” in v8. See note LXV above.
^CXLIII “enter” = bo. Same as “came” in v9. See note LXIX above.
^CXLIV “towns” = iyr. Same as “city” in v2. See note XXII above.
^CXLV “God” = Elohim. Related to “Israel” in v1. See note XVI above.
^CXLVI “given” = natan. Same as “handed…over” in v8. See note LXV above.
^CXLVII “hand” = yad. Same as “abandon” in v6. See note LIII above.

^CXLVIII {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CXLIX “finished” = kalah. This is to end, be finished, complete, prepare, consume, spent, or completely destroyed.
^CL “very” = meod. Same as “greatly” in v2. See note XIX above.
^CLI “great” = gadol. Same as “large” in v2. See note XXI above.
^CLII “wiped out” = tamam. Related to “whole” in v13. See note CXX above.

^CLIII “survivors” = sarid + sarad. Sarid is from sarad (to escape or remain; properly, this refers to a puncture, so figuratively it is remaining or escaping by slipping out). This is survivor, remnant, or alive. Sarad is related to “survivors” in v20. 1x in OT. See above.
^CLIV “fortified” = mibtsar. From batsar (to enclose, wall up, or make something inaccessible, impenetrable, isolated to fortify, something mighty, to gather grapes). This is fortification, castle, besiege, or defender.
^CLV “people” = am. Same as “force” in v7. See note LXI above.
^CLVI “safe” = shalom. Related to “Jerusalem” and “made peace” in v1. From shalam (see note IV above). This is completeness, soundness, welfare, favor, friend, good health. It is to be safe and figuratively well, happy, at peace, friendly. Abstractly, it includes the ideas of welfare and prosperity (not in excessive wealth, but in having enough).

^CLVII “camp” = machaneh. Same as “armies” in v6. See note XLVII above.
^CLVIII “dared” = charats. 12x in OT. This is to cut, sharpen, decree, wound, be alert, move. It can also be to decide or determine.
^CLIX “speak” = lashon. This is tongue, talker, language, or wedge. It can also be a tongue of flame or a water cove.
^CLX “any” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XXVII above.

^CLXI “open” = pathach. This is to open wide in a literal or figurative sense. So, it is open, draw out, let something go free, break forth. It can also mean to plow, engrave, or carve.
^CLXII “bring…out” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^CLXIII “so” = ken. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note X above.
^CLXIV {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLXV “summoned” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^CLXVI “Israelites” = ish + Yisrael. Literally, “men of Israel.” Ish is the same as “men” in v2. See note XXVII above. Yisrael is the same as “Israel” in v1. See note XVI above.

^CLXVII “chiefs” = qatsin. 12x in OT. Perhaps from qatsah (to cut off, cut short; figuratively, to destroy). This is chief, captain, ruler, commander. It is a decisionmaker like a magistrate.
^CLXIII “warriors” = enosh + milchamah. Literally, “men of battle.” Enosh is the same as “men” in v18. See note CXXXVII above. Milchamah is the same as “fighting” in v7. See note LX above.
^CLXIX “gone” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.

^CLXX “come near” = qarab. Related to “among” in v1. See note XVIII above.
^CLXXI “put” = sim. This is to put or place in a literal or figurative sense. It can be appoint, care, change, make, and may other things.
^CLXXII “feet” = regel. This is foot, endurance, or journey. It is a foot as the means of walking and so it implies a step or a greater journey. It can be used euphemistically for private parts.
^CLXXIII “necks” = tsavvar. Perhaps from tsur (to confine, cramp, or bind in a literal or figurative sense; to besiege, assault, or distress, adversary). This is the neck or the back of the neck.
^CLXXIV “came near” = qarab. Same as “come near” in v24. See note CLXX above.

^CLXXV “be afraid” = yare. Same as “became…frightened” in v2. See note XX above.
^CLXXVI “dismayed” = chathath. This is properly to prostrate. So it could be shatter, break, or break down in a literal, violent sense. It could also figuratively refer to being dismayed, discouraged, or frightened. It can also mean to stand in awe.
^CLXXVII “be strong” = chazaq. This is to strengthen, seize, be courageous, repair, bind, heal, conquer, harden.
^CLXXVIII “courageous” = amets. This is to be strong, stout, alert, or bold, It can also mean harden, make firm, be courageous or mighty, fortify, or establish. It can refer to physical alertness or mental courage or steadfastness.
^CLXXIX “fight” = lacham. Same as “made war” in v5. See note XLIX above.

^CLXXX “afterward” = achar + ken. Achar is the same as “since” in v14. See note CXXII above. Ken is the same as {untranslated} in v1. See note X above.
^CLXXXI “put…to death” = mut. Same as “died” in v11. See note XCIII above.
^CLXXXII “hung” = talah. This is to hang or suspend. It can also be used for hanging someone on gallows.
^CLXXXIII “trees” = ets. Perhaps from atsah (to shut, fasten, firm up, to close one’s eyes). This is tree or other things related to trees like wood, sticks, or stalks. It can also refer to wood products like a plank or staff or gallows. Additionally, this can refer to a carpenter.
^CLXXXIV {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLXXXV “evening” = ereb. This is night, evening, dusk.

^CLXXXVI {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLXXXVII “sunset” = bo + shemesh. Bo is the same as “came” in v9. See note LXIX above. Shemesh is the same as “sun” in v12. See note CIII above.
^CLXXXVIII “commanded” = tsavah. This is to charge, command, order, appoint, or enjoin. This is the root that the Hebrew word for “commandment” comes from (mitsvah).
^CLXXXIX “took…down” = yarad. Related to “slope” in v11. See note LXXXVIII above.
^CXC “threw” = shalak. Same as “threw down” in v11. See note LXXXIX above.

^CXCI “set” = sim. Same as “put” in v24. See note CLXXI above.
^CXCII “large” = gadol. Same as “large” in v2. See note XXI above.
^CXCIII “very” = etsem. From atsam (vast, numerous, strong; to close one’s eyes, to make powerful; to break bones). This is self, life, strength, bone, or substance.
^CXCIV “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CXCV “struck” = nakah. Same as “attack” in v4. See note XL above.
^CXCVI “edge” = peh. Same as “mouth” in v18. See note CXXXV above.

^CXCVII “every” = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.
^CXCVIII “person” = nephesh. Related to naphash (to refresh or be refreshed). This is soul, self, person, emotion. It is a breathing creature. Can also refer to appetites and desires.
^CXCIX “left” = shaar. Properly, this is swelling up i.e. being left over, a remnant, remaining, being redundant.
^CC “remaining” = sarid. Same as “survivors” in v20. See note CLIII above.

^CCI “passed” = abar. This is to pass over or cross over. It is used for transitions, whether literal or figurative. It can also mean to escape, alienate, or fail. This is the root verb from which “Hebrew” is drawn.
^CCII “Libnah” = Libnah. 18x in OT. From laban (to be or make white, to make bricks). This is Libnah, meaning “whiteness” or “transparency.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Libnah.html
^CCIII “fought” = lacham. Same as “made war” in v5. See note XLIX above.
^CCIV “gave” = natan. Same as “handed…over” in v8. See note LXV above.

^CCV “laid siege” = chanah. Same as “camped” in v5. See note XLVIII above.
^CCVI “assaulted” = lacham. Same as “made war” in v5. See note XLIX above.
^CCVII “gave” = natan. Same as “handed…over” in v8. See note LXV above.
^CCVIII “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCIX “second” = sheni. From shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is double, again, another, second.
^CCX {untranslated} = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.

^CCXI “Horam” = Horam. Related to “hill country” in v6. 1x in OT. Perhaps from har (see note LVIII above). This is Horam, which may mean “high,” “elevated,” or “high spirited.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Horam.html
^CCXII “Gezer” = Gezer. 15x in OT. From gezer (piece, part, portion); from gazar (to cut or cut down; figuratively, to divide, exclude, decree, or destroy). This is Gezer, a city that means “portion.”
^CCXIII “came up” = alah. Same as “come up” in v4. See note XXXVIII above.
^CCXIV “no” = bilti. From balah (to grow old, wear out, consume, waste, enjoy, fail, decay). This is nothing, not, lest, or except. From its root, it means “a failure of” – used for negative particles.

^CCXV “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCXVI {untranslated} = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.
^CCXVII “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCXVIII {untranslated} = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.
^CCXIX {untranslated} = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.

^CCXX “turned back” = shub. Same as “returned” in v15. See note CXXVII above.
^CCXXI “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCXXII “defeated” = nakah. Same as “attack” in v4. See note XL above.
^CCXXIII “whole” = kol. Same as “all” in v2. See note XXVI above.
^CCXXIV “land” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.

^CCXXV “Negeb” = Negeb. Root may mean to be parched. The Negeb is the south country – sometimes used to refer to Egypt. This is a land that suffers from a lot of drought.
^CCXXVI “lowland” = shephelah. From shaphel (to be low, sink, be cast down, put down, humble, or humiliate). This is Shephelah, the name of a place. It means “lowland.”
^CCXXVII “slopes” = ashedah. 6x in OT. From eshed (bottom, slope, outpouring, stream). This is a foundation, slope, or spring.
^CCXXVIII “breathed” = neshamah. From nasham (to blow away, pant, gasp). This is a breath or blast – a puff like of wind. It is also a spirit or soul or divine inspiration or intellect. It could also be an animal. This is the word used for the breath of life when humanity was created in Genesis 2:7.

^CCXXIX “Kadesh-barnea” = Qadesh Barnea. 10x in OT. From Qadesh (Kadesh, a place whose name means sacred or sanctuary); {from the same as qodesh (set apart and so sacred; God is different from us and so God is holy/set apart; things we dedicate to God’s service are set apart for God and so they, too, are holy, etc.)} + perhaps a word related to Aramaic bar (open field); {related to Hebrew bar (grain, wheat; an open field); from barar (to select, purify, cleanse, test, brighten, polish)} + a word from nua (to waver in a literal or figurative sense; to tremble, quiver, totter; a fugitive). This is Kadesh-barnea or Qadesh Barnea, meaning “sacred desert of wandering” or “holy purifying staggerings” or “holy purifying wanderings.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Kadesh-barnea.html
^CCXXX “Gaza” = Azzah. From az (strong or mighty; power, vehemence, greedy); from azaz (to be strong, become fixed, be bold, prevail, be impudent; it means to be stout literally or figuratively. A Late Hebrew word). This is Gaza or Azzah – a Philistine city. It means “strong.”
^CCXXXI “country” = erets. Same as “land” in v40. See note CCXXIV above.
^CCXXXII “Goshen” = Goshen. 15x in OT. Similar to Arabic j-sh-m (to labor) OR may be related to Egyptian qas (“inundated land”) OR Egyptian pa-qas (“pouring forth”) OR from Gasmu (“rulers of Bedouin Qedarites who occupied the eastern Delta from the 7^th century BC”). This is Goshen. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_of_Goshen

^CCXXXIII “took” = lakad. Same as “taken” in v1. See note VII above.
^CCXXXIV “one” = echad. Same as “one” in v2. See note XXIII above.
^CCXXXV “time” = paam. From paam (to move, trouble; to tap in a regular rhythm; to agitate). This is a beat, stroke, footstep, or occurrence.
^CCXXXVI “fought” = lacham. Same as “made war” in v5. See note XLIX above.
^CCXXXVII “camp” = machaneh. Same as “armies” in v6. See note XLVII above.