Acts 5

Acts 5

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But a manI namedII Ananias,III

Notes on verse 1a

I “man” = aner. This is man, male, husband, or fellow. It can also refer to an individual.
II “named” = onoma. May be from ginosko (know, recognize, learn from firsthand experience). This is a name, authority, cause, character, fame, reputation. The name was thought to include something of the essence of the person so it was not thought to be separate from the person.
III “Ananias” = Hananias. 11x in NT. From Hebrew Chananyah (Hananiah, “the Lord has been gracious” or “the Lord has favored”); {from Chanan (beseech, show favor, be gracious; properly, to bend in kindness to someone with less status) + Yah (the shortened form of the name of the God of Israel; God, Lord); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; God, Lord; the self-existent or eternal one); from havah (to become) or hayah (to be, become, happen)}}}. This is Ananias, meaning “the Lord has been gracious” or “graciously given of the Lord.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Ananias.html  

with the consent of his wifeIV Sapphira,V soldVI a piece of property;VII 

Notes on verse 1b

IV “wife” = gune. Perhaps from ginomai (to come into being, to happen, become, be born; to emerge from one state or condition to another; this is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth). This is woman, wife, or bride. This is where the word “gynecologist” comes from.
V “Sapphira” = Sapphrie. 1x in NT. Perhaps from Hebrew sappir (a sapphire or lapis lazuli – a gem); {from saphar (to tally, recount, celebrate, or declare); from sepher (writing, something written; document, book, letter, register)} OR from Sanskrit sanipriya (“dark-colored stone – lit “dear to Saturn”) OR form Hebrew shaphar (being beautiful or lovely) OR from sappheiros (sapphire, laps lazuli). Sapphira is a name that means “sapphire” or “clear” or “calmly composed” or “precious” or “beautiful.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Sapphira.html & https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sapphire
VI “sold” = poleo. This is to barter or sell. It can also refer to the thing that is sold.
VII “piece of property” = ktema. 4x in NT. From ktaomai (to get, purchase, possess). This is a possession as something acquired. It particularly refers to field or property that is land.

with his wife’s knowledge,VIII he kept backIX some of the proceedsX and broughtXI

Notes on verse 2a

VIII “with…knowledge” = suneidon. 4x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + eidon (shape, appearance, kind; something observable; form in a literal or figurative sense); from eido (to know, remember, perceive – to see and so understand)}. This is to see together and so know, realize, consider, be conscious of. It is a through understanding or awareness of something.
IX “kept back” = nosphizo. 3x in NT – 2x in Acts & 1x in Titus. From nosphi (apart, clandestinely). This is to set apart, steal, embezzle, keep back.
X “proceeds” = time. From tino (to pay, be punished, pay a penalty or fine because of a crime); from tio (to pay respect, value). This has to do with worth or something’s perceived value. Literally, it means price, but figuratively, it means the honor or value one sees in someone or something else. It can be esteem or dignity. It can also mean precious or valuables.
XI “brought” = phero. This is to bear, bring, lead, or make known publicly. It is to carry in a literal or figurative sense.

only a partXII and laidXIII it at the apostles’XIV feet.XV

Notes on verse 2b

XII “part” = meros. From meiromai (to get your allotment or portion). This is a part, a share, or a portion.
XIII “laid” = tithemi. This is to put, place, set, fix, establish in a literal or figurative sense. Properly, it is placing something in a passive or horizontal position.
XIV “apostles’” = apostolos. From apostello (to send, send away, send forth as a messenger, to commission); {from apo (from, away from) + stello (to set, arrange, prepare, provide for); {probably from histemi (to stand, place, set up, establish, stand firm)}}. This is a messenger – someone sent out on a mission as an envoy or delegate. It can also refer to someone set at liberty. Generally, this is a messenger who is meant to be a representative of the one who sent them. They are thus, set apart on a mission literally or figuratively.
XV “feet” = pous. This is foot in a literal or figurative sense.

“Ananias,” PeterXVI asked, “why has SatanXVII filledXVIII your heartXIX

Notes on verse 3a

XVI “Peter” = Petros. Related to petra (large rock that is connected and or projecting like a rock, ledge, or cliff; can also be cave or stony ground). This is Peter, a stone, pebble, or boulder.
XVII “Satan” = Satanas. From Hebrew satan (adversary, Satan); from satan (to be an adversary, attack, accuse, resist). This is Satan, the adversary, or an adversary.
XVIII “filled” = pleroo. From pleres (to be full, complete, abounding in, occupied with). This is to fill, make full or complete. Properly, this is filling something up to the maximum extent that it can be filled – an appropriate amount for its individual capacity. So, this is used figuratively for furnish, influence, satisfy, finish, preach, perfect, and fulfill.
XIX “heart” = kardia. Literally the heart, but figuratively mind, character, inner self, will, intention, thoughts, feelings. Also, the center of something. The word heart is only used figuratively in the Old and New Testaments. This is where “cardiac” comes from.

to lieXX to the HolyXXI SpiritXXII and to keep back part of the proceeds of the land?XXIII 

Notes on verse 3b

XX “lie” = pseudomai. 12x in NT. From pseudo (to lie or falsify). This is to lie or falsify – whether outright or by misleading.
XXI “Holy” = Hagios. From hagnos (holy, sacred, pure ethically, ritually, or ceremonially; prepared for worship, chaste, unadulterated, pure to the core; undefiled by sin; figurative for innocent, modest, perfect). God is totally different from humanity and thus set apart. That which is consecrated to worship God (elements of worship) or to serve God (as the saints) are holy because they are now set apart for God’s purposes. Holy because important to God. This is sacred physically, pure. It can be morally blameless or ceremonially consecrated.
XXII “Spirit” = Pneuma. From pneo (to blow, breathe, breathe hard). This is wind, breath, or ghost. A breeze or a blast or air, a breath. Figuratively used for a spirit, the human soul or part of us that is rational. It is also used supernaturally for angels, demons, God, and the Holy Spirit. This is where pneumonia comes from.
XXIII “land” = chorion. 10x in NT. From chora (space, land, region, fields, open area); from chasma (gap, gulf, chasm, open space); from chasko (to gape, yawn). This is place, estate, possession, piece of ground, property.

While it remainedXXIV unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold,XXV wereXXVI not the proceeds at your disposal?XXVII

Notes on verse 4a

XXIV “remained” = meno. This is to stay, remain, wait, await, continue, abide, endure. It can mean to literally stay in a place or to remain in a condition or to continue with hope and expectation.
XXV “sold” = piprasko. 9x in NT. From pernemi (to sell by export). This is to sell with travel involved. It can also mean to sell into slavery or to be devoted to.
XXVI “were” = huparcho. From hupo (by, under, about, subordinate to) + archo (to rule, begin, have first rank or have political power). This is to begin or be ready, to exist or possess. It is what one already has or possesses.
XXVII “disposal” = exousia. From exesti (to be permitted or lawful); {from ek (out, out of) + eimi (to be, exist)}. This is power to act or weight. It especially denotes moral authority or influence. It can mean domain, liberty, freedom, capacity, mastery, right, force, or strength.

How is it that you have contrivedXXVIII this deedXXIX in your heart? You did not lie to usXXX but to God!”XXXI 

Notes on verse 4b

XXVIII “contrived” = tithemi. Same as “laid” in v2. See note XIII above.
XXIX “deed” = pragma. 11x in NT. From prasso (to do or practice – something done on an on-going basis or by habit; to accomplish, attend, or commit). This is an action, matter, or business. It is something done on a regular basis that is done in order to get something done.
XXX “us” = anthropos. Related to “man” in v1. Probably from aner (see note I above) + ops (eye, face); {from optanomai (to appear, be seen); perhaps from horao (become, seem, appear)}. This is human, humankind. Used for all genders.
XXXI “God” = Theos. From Proto-Indo-European origins, meaning do, put, place. This is God or a god in general.

Now when Ananias heardXXXII these words,XXXIII he fell downXXXIV and died.XXXV

Notes on verse 5a

XXXII “heard” = akouo. This is hear or listen, but it also means to understand by hearing. This is where the word “acoustics” comes from.
XXXIII “words” = logos. From lego (to speak, tell, mention). This is word, statement, speech, analogy. It is a word that carries an idea or expresses a thought, a saying. It could refer to a person with a message or reasoning laid out in words. By implication, this could be a topic, line of reasoning, or a motive. It can be used for a divine utterance or as Word – Christ.
XXXIV “fell down” = pipto. This is to fall literally or figuratively.
XXXV “died” = ekpsucho. 3x in NT – all in Acts. From ek (from, from out of) + psucho (to breathe, blow, to cool). This is to have one’s final breath, to die.

And greatXXXVI fearXXXVII seizedXXXVIII allXXXIX who heard of it. 

Notes on verse 5b

XXXVI “great” = megas. This is big in a literal or figurative sense – great, large, exceeding, abundant, high, mighty, perfect, strong, etc.
XXXVII “fear” = phobos. From phebomai (to flee, withdraw, be put to flight). This is panic flight, fear, fear being caused, terror, alarm, that which causes fear, reverence, respect.
XXXVIII “seized” = ginomai. Related to “wife” in v1. See note IV above.
XXXIX “all” = pas. This is all or every.

The young menXL cameXLI and wrappedXLII up his body,XLIII then carried him outXLIV and buriedXLV him.

Notes on verse 6

XL “young men” = neos. This is young, new, fresh, or youthful. This is brand new as opposed to novel (which is kainos in Greek).
XLI “came” = anistemi. Related to “apostles” in v2. From ana (upwards, up, again, back, anew) + histemi (see note XIV above). This is to raise up, rise, appear. It is to stand up literally or figuratively. Can also mean to resurrect.
XLII “wrapped” = sustello. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” in v6. 2x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + stello (see note XIV above). This is to wrap up, shorten, cover, limit. It can be wrapping a corpse to be buried or a short period of time.
XLIII “his body” = autos. Literally, “him.”
XLIV “carried…out” = ekphero. Related to “brought” in v2. 8x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + phero (see note XI above). This is to lead, produce, carry out.
XLV “buried” = thapto. 11x in NT. This is to bury or hold a funeral.

XLVIAfter an intervalXLVII of about threeXLVIII hoursXLIX his wife came in,L

Notes on verse 7a

XLVI {untranslated} = ginomai. Same as “seized” in v5. See note XXXVIII above.
XLVII “interval” = diastema. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” and “wrapped” in v6. 1x in NT. From diistemi (create an interval, separate, remove, intervene); {from dia (through, because of, across, thoroughly) + histemi (see note XIV above)}. This is an interval or space, whether related to distance or time.
XLVIII “three” = treis. This is three.
XLIX “hours” = hora. This is a set time or period, an hour, instant, or season. This is where the word “hour” comes from.
L “came in” = eiserchomai. From eis (to, into, for, among) + erchomai (to come, go). This is to go in in a literal or figurative sense.

not knowingLI what had happened.LII Peter saidLIII to her, “Tell me whether you and your husband soldLIV the land for such and such a price.”

And she said, “Yes,LV that was the price.” 

Notes on verses 7b-8

LI “knowing” = eido. This is to know, consider perceive, appreciate, behold, or remember. It means seeing with one’s eyes, but also figuratively, it means perceiving – seeing that becomes understanding. So, by implication, this means knowing or being aware.
LII “happened” = ginomai. Same as “seized” in v5. See note XXXVIII above.
LIII “said” = apokrinomai. From apo (from, away from) + krino (to judge, decide, think good, condemn, determine, pass judgment, stand trial, sue; judging whether in court or in a private setting; properly, mentally separating or distinguishing an issue – to come to a choice or decision, to judge positively or negatively in seeking what is right or wrong, who is innocent or guilty; can imply trying, condemning, punishing, or avenging). This is to reply or respond, to draw one’s own conclusions, to speak when one is expected to.
LIV “sold” = apodidomi. From apo (from, away from) + didomi (give, offer, place, bestow, deliver; give in a literal or figurative sense). This is to give back, return, give away. It is to restore as when one makes payment – to rend what is due, to sell.
LV “yes” = nai. This is yes, truly, indeed. It is a strong affirmation.

Then Peter said to her, “How is it that you have agreed togetherLVI to put the Spirit of the LordLVII to the test?LVIII

Notes on verse 9a

LVI “agreed together” = sumphoneo. 6x in NT. From sumphonos (harmonious, agreeing, consent; having one voice i.e. a shared understanding); {from sun (with, together with) + phone (voice, sound, tone or noise; also a language or dialect); probably from phemi to declare, say, use contrasts in speaking to shed light on one point of view); {from phao (to shine) or phaino (to bring light, cause to appear, shine, become visible or clear)}}. This is to harmonize with, agree, have a shared opinion, an accord. This is the root that “symphony” comes from.
LVII “Lord” = Kurios. From kuros (authority, supremacy). This is a respectful address meaning master or sir. It refers to one who has control or power greater than one’s own. So, it was also applied to God and Jesus as Master or Lord.
LVIII “put…to the test” = peirazo. From peira (trial, experiment, attempt, experience, assaying); from the base of peran (over, beyond, across); akin to pera (on the far side); from a derivative of peiro (to pierce). This is to test, try, tempt, or make proof of. It is to test, scrutinize, or assay something. It could also be examine, entice, prove, or discipline.

Look,LIX the feet of those who have buried your husbandLX are at the door,LXI and they will carry you out.” 

10 ImmediatelyLXII she fell down at his feet and died. When the young menLXIII

Notes on verses 9b-10a

LIX “look” = idou. Related to “with…knowledge” in v2. From eido (see note LI above). This is see! Lo! Behold! Look! Used to express surprise and or draw attention to the statement.
LX “husband” = aner. Same as “man” in v3. See note I above.
LXI “door” = thura. This is opening or closure so it’s a door, gate, or entrance. Figuratively, this can refer to an opportunity.
LXII “immediately” = parachrema. 18x in NT. From para (beside, by, in the presence of) + chrema (something needed or useful– money, possessions, price); {from chraomai (to use, make use of, give what is needed, act in a specific way, request); related to chre (what is proper, fitting, or necessary)}. This is immediately or soon.
LXIII “young men” = neaniskos. Related to “young men” in v6. 11x in NT. From neanias (youth, young man; someone in their prime to the age of 40); from neos (see note XL above). This is a youth or young man in their prime up to 40.

came inLXIV they foundLXV her dead,LXVI so they carried her out and buried her beside her husband. 11 And great fear seized the wholeLXVII churchLXVIII and all who heard of these things.

Notes on verses 10b-11

LXIV “came in” = eiserchomai. Same as “came in” in v7. See note L above.
LXV “found” = heurisko. This is to find, learn, or obtain. It is to discover something, which generally implies a period of searching for it. This is to find in a literal or figurative sense. This is where the word “heuristic” comes from.
LXVI “dead” = nekros. Perhaps from nekus (corpse). This is dead or lifeless, mortal, corpse. It can also be used figuratively for powerless or ineffective. It is where the word “necrotic” comes from.
LXVII “whole” = holos. This is whole, complete, or entire. It is a state where every member is present and functioning in concert. This is the root of the word “whole.”
LXVIII “church” = ekklesia. From ek (from, out from) + kaleo (to call by name, invite, to name, bid, summon, call aloud) {related to keleuo (to command, order, direct); from kelomai (to urge on)}. This is properly a calling out or an assembly. It was used to refer to a church.

12 Now manyLXIX signsLXX and wondersLXXI were doneLXXII

Notes on verse 12a

LXIX “many” = polus. This is much, often, plenteous – a large number or a great extent.
LXX “signs” = semeion. From the same as semaino (to give a sign, signify, indicate, make known); from sema (a sign or mark). It is literally a sign of any kind. It also refers to a sign given by God to confirm or authenticate a message or prophecy. It is not necessarily miraculous, but it can be. The Gospel of John generally uses this word instead of miracle.
LXXI “wonders” = teras. 16x in NT. This is a wonder or marvel performed to get bystanders to react. It could also be a portent or omen.
LXXII “done” = ginomai. Same as “seized” in v5. See note XXXVIII above.

among the peopleLXXIII throughLXXIV the apostles. And they wereLXXV allLXXVI

Notes on verse 12b

LXXIII “people” = laos. This is the people or crowd – often used for the chosen people. This is where the word “laity” comes from.
LXXIV {untranslated} = cheir. This is the hand in a literal sense. Figuratively, the hand is the means a person uses to accomplish things so it can also mean power, means, or instrument.
LXXV “were” = eimi. Related to “disposal” in v4. See note XXVII above.
LXXVI “all” = hapas. Related to “all” in v5. From hama (at once, together with) + pas (see note XXXIX above) OR from a (with) + pas (see above). This is all; every part working together as a unit.

togetherLXXVII in Solomon’sLXXVIII Portico.LXXIX 

Notes on verse 12c

LXXVII “together” = homothumadon. 11x in NT. From homou (together); {from homos (the same)} + thumos (passion, wrath; actions emerging from passion or impulse) {from thuo (to rush along, breathe violently, offer sacrifice)}}. This is having one mind or a shared passion. It is people who share the same desire.
LXXVIII “Solomon’s” = Solomon. 12x in NT. From Hebrew shelomoh (Solomon, meaning “peaceful”); from shalam (to be complete or sound; to have safety mentally, physically, or extending to one’s estate; so, if these things are safe and complete, the implication is that one would be friendly; and, if being friendly, one would make amends and that friendship would be reciprocated). This is Solomon, meaning “peaceful.”
LXXIX “Portico” = stoa. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” and “wrapped” in v6 & “interval” in v7. 4x in NT. Probably from histemi (see note XIV above). This is a portico, colonnade, or piazza.

13 None of the restLXXX daredLXXXI to joinLXXXII them, but the people held them in high esteem.LXXXIII 

Notes on verse 13

LXXX “rest” = loipos. From leipo (to leave behind, be lacking). This is the rest, remained, remnant, other, residue.
LXXXI “dared” = tolmao. 16x in NT. From tolma (boldness); perhaps from telos (an end, aim, purpose, completion, end goal, consummation, tax); from tello (to start out with a definite goal in mind). This is to show courage to take a risk, to venture decisively, to put it on the line for something that matters.
LXXXII “join” = kollao. 12x in NT. From kolla (glue). This is to glue together. So it is joining, spending time with, or being intimately connected to. It can be used for marriage, joining the church, clinging, or adhering to something. It was also used medically for uniting wounds.
LXXXIII “held…in high esteem” = megaluno. Related to “great” in v5. 8x in NT. From megas (see note XXXVI above). This is the same word used in Mary’s song of praise in Luke 1:46 “my soul magnifies the Lord.” This is to make great, increase, extoll, magnify. It is increase in a literal or figurative sense.

14 Yet moreLXXXIV than ever believersLXXXV were addedLXXXVI to the Lord, great numbersLXXXVII of both men and women,LXXXVIII 

Notes on verse 14

LXXXIV “more” = mallon. This is rather, more than, or better.
LXXXV “believers” = pisteuo. From pistis (faith, faithfulness, belief, trust, confidence; to be persuaded or come to trust); from peitho (to have confidence, urge, be persuaded, agree, assure, believe, have confidence, trust). This is to believe, entrust, have faith it, affirm, have confidence in. This is less to do with a series of beliefs or doctrines that one believes and more to do with faithfulness, loyalty, and fidelity. It is trusting and then acting based on that trust.
LXXXVI “were added” = prostithemi. Related to “laid” in v2. 18x in NT. From pros (at, to, toward, with) + tithemi (see note XIII above). This is to add, place to, bring together for a reason, or add up.
LXXXVII “great numbers” = plethos. From pletho (to fill, accomplish, supply; to fill to maximum capacity). This is fullness, multitude, great number.
LXXXVIII “women” = gune. Same as “wife” in v1. See note IV above.

15 so that they even carried out the sickLXXXIX into the streetsXC and laid them on cotsXCI

Notes on verse 15a

LXXXIX “sick” = asthenes. From a (not) + sthenes (strong, vigor); {from the base of sthenoo (to strengthen so that one can be mobile); from sthenos (strength)}. This is without strength so weak, sick, helpless, frail, feeble. It can also be unimpressive or impotent. It can be used for physical or moral weakness.
XC “streets” = plateia. 9x in NT. From platus (wide, spread flat, broad); perhaps from plasso (to form, mold; to create like a potter shapes clay). This is a street or some kind of broad place like a public square.
XCI “cots” = klinidion. 3x in NT. From kline (couch, bed, mat; either a couch laid on to eat or for sleeping); from klino (to slant, rest, recline, approach an end, wear; to bend in a literal or figurative sense – to lay down, a day ending, causing an opposing army to flee). This is a stretcher, bed, litter.

and mats,XCII in order that Peter’s shadowXCIII might fallXCIV on some of them as he cameXCV by. 

Notes on verse 15b

XCII “mats” = krabattos. 11x in NT. From Ancient Macedonian grabos (oak or beech). This is a bed or pallet. It is a place for poor people, perhaps made of a quilt or a mat. Always used to refer to sick people on mats – 9x in the Gospels and 2x in the book of Acts.
XCIII “shadow” = skia. 7x in NT. This is shade, shadow, outline. It can also metaphorically refer to a spiritual reality whether positive or negative.
XCIV “fall” = episkiazo. Related to “shadow” in v15. 5x in NT– 3x in the Transfiguration, 1x of the annunciation, 1x of Peter healing the sick with his shadow. From epi (on, upon, against, what is fitting) + skia (see note XCIII above). This is to envelop, cast a shadow on.
XCV “came” = erchomai. Related to “came in” in v7. See note L above.

16 A great number of people would also gatherXCVI from the townsXCVII aroundXCVIII Jerusalem,XCIX

Notes on verse 16a

XCVI “gather” = sunerchomai. Related to “came in” in v7 & “came” in v15. From sun (with, together with) + erchomai (see note L above). This is to go with, assemble, leave together with, cohabit.
XCVII “towns” = polis. This is a city or its inhabitants. It is a town of variable size, but one that has walls. This is where “metropolis” and “police” come from.
XCVIII “around” = perix. 1x in NT. From peri (about, concerning, all around, encompassing). This is all around, neighboring, in the vicinity.
XCIX “Jerusalem” = Ierousalem. Related to “Solomon’s” in v12. From Hebrew Yerushalaim (probably foundation of peace); {from yarah (to throw, shoot, be stunned; to flow as water so figuratively to instruct or teach) + shalam (see note LXXVIII above)}. This is Jerusalem, dwelling of peace.

bringing the sick and those tormentedC by uncleanCI spirits, and they were allCII cured.CIII

Notes on verse 16b

C “tormented” = ochleo. 1x in NT. From ochlos (a crowd, the common people, a rabble; figuratively, a riot); perhaps from echo (to have, hold, possess). This is to disturb, worry, harass. It is pressing in like a mob. So, it would be pushing through a crowd as a torrent would do.
CI “unclean” = akathartos. From a (not, without) + kathairo (to cleanse or purify by purging out unwanted elements); {from katharos (clean, clear, pure, unstained; clean in a literal, ritual, or spiritual sense; so, also guiltless, innocent or upright; something that is pure because it has been separated from the negative substance or aspect; spiritually clean because of God’s act of purifying)}. This is unclean or impure, whether a thing or a person. It is something that is not mixed with something that would taint. This is unclean in a ritual or moral sense. It can also mean demonic or foul.
CII “all” = hapas. Same as “all” in v12. See note LXXVI above.
CIII “cured” = therapeuo. From therapon (servant, attendant, minister); perhaps from theros (properly heat and so used for summer); from thero (to heat). This is to serve, care, attend, heal, or cure. Since it means to attend to, it can be used for doctors, but also for those who serve God. So, it can mean worship. This is where the word “therapy” comes from.

17 Then the high priestCIV took action;CV he and allCVI who were with him (that is, the sectCVII

Notes on verse 17a

CIV “high priest” = archiereus. Related to “were” in v4. From archo (see note XXVI above) + hiereus (a priest literal or figurative – of any faith); {from hieros (sacred, something sacred, temple, holy, set apart; something consecrated to God or a god)} This is a high or chief priest.
CV “took action” = anistemi. Same as “came” in v6. See note XLI above.
CVI “all” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CVII “sect” = hairesis. 9x in NT. From haireo (to take, choose, or prefer); {probably related to airo (raise, take up, lift, remove)}. This is a choice, contention, heresy, or sect. It is making a person choice so, by implication, choice of a separate party or faction. It is where the word “heresy” comes from.

of the Sadducees),CVIII being filledCIX with jealousy,CX 

Notes on verse 17b

CVIII “Sadducees” = Saddoukaios. 14x in NT. Probably from Hebrew tsadoq (Zadok, a personal name); from tsadaq (to be just or righteous, do justice); from tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, just cause, vindication; that which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense; abstractly equity; figuratively prosperity). This is a Sadducee. Whereas the Sadducees were part of the priestly line and inherited their religious position and responsibilities, Pharisees were regular people who studied the scriptures and offered guidance to regular folk. Sadducees were often wealthier and willing to sacrifice their identity to rub elbows with Roman society. Pharisees were often more concerned with what it meant to follow God without compromising what made them different as followers of God. Sadducees primarily believed in that which was written down (the first five books of the Bible) and Pharisees believed in the Bible and the traditions of the elders.
CIX “filled” = pleitho. This is to fill to the highest level possible – to accomplish, supply, or complete.
CX “jealousy” = zelos. 16x in NT– 6x in a positive sense (zeal for God) & 10x in a negative sense (jealousy/strife). Perhaps from zeo (to boil, be hot, ferment, bubble, boil, or glow; used figuratively for being fervent or earnest). This is eagerness or zeal on the one hand or rivalry and jealousy on the other. The verb is meant to echo the sound of boiling water and so it depicts burning emotion that bubbles over. So, burning anger or burning love.

18 arrestedCXI the apostles and putCXII them in the publicCXIII prison.CXIV 

Notes on verse 18

CXI “arrested” = epiballo + ho + cheir + epi. Literally, “laid hands on.” Epiballo is 18x in NT. From epi (on, upon, among, what is fitting) + ballo (to throw, cast, place, put, drop). This is to place on, fall, lay, throw over, think about, waves crashing, emotions emerging. Cheir is the same as {untranslated} in v12. See note LXXIV above.
CXII “put” = tithemi. Same as “laid” in v2. See note XIII above.
CXIII “public” = demosios. 4x in NT – all in Acts. From demos (district, multitude, rabble, assembly; Greeks bound by similar laws or customs); from deo (to tie, bind, compel, declare unlawful). This is public, common, or openly.
CXIV “prison” = teresis. 3x in NT – 2x in Acts & 1x in 1 Corinthians. From tereo (to guard, observe, keep, maintain, or preserve; figuratively, spiritual watchfulness; guarding something from being lost or harmed; fulfilling commands, keeping in custody, or maintaining; figuratively can mean to remain unmarried.); {teros (a guard or a watch that guards keep); perhaps related to theoreo (gazing, beholding, experiencing, discerning; looking at something to analyze it and concentrate on what it means; the root of the word “theatre” in that people concentrate on the action of the play to understand its meaning); from theaomai (to behold, look upon, see, contemplate, visit); from thaomai (to gaze at a spectacle; to look at or contemplate as a spectator; to interpret something in efforts to grasp its significance); from theoros (a spectator or envoy)}. This is watching, custody, imprisonment, jail. It can also figuratively mean observance, i.e. obeying.

19 But during the nightCXV an angelCXVI of the Lord openedCXVII the prisonCXVIII doors, brought them out,CXIX and said, 

Notes on verse 19

CXV “night” = nux. Ths is night in a literal or figurative sense.
CXVI “angel” = aggelos. Probably from ago (to lead, bring, carry, guide) + agele (flock, herd, drove); {also from ago (see above)}. This is angel or messenger. Properly, it is one sent with news or to perform a specific task. This messenger can be human or an angel from heaven. More commonly, it is used for angels in the New Testament.
CXVII “opened” = anoigo. From ana (up, back, again, among, between, anew) + oigo (to open). This is to open in literal or figurative sense.
CXVIII “prison” = phulake. From phulasso (to guard something so that it doesn’t escape – to watch over it vigilantly; being on guard in a literal or figurative sense); related to phulaks (military guard, sentry, watcher). This is the act of guarding, the person who guards, the place where guarding occurs (i.e. a prison), or the times of guarding (the various watches).
CXIX “brought…out” = exago. Related to “angel” in v19. 12x in NT. From ek (from, from out of) + ago (see note CXVI above). This is to lead out or forth. It can be one being led to their death.

20 “Go,CXX standCXXI in the templeCXXII and tellCXXIII the people the wholeCXXIV messageCXXV about this life.”CXXVI 

Notes on verse 20

CXX “go” = poreuomai. From poros (ford, passageway). This is to go, travel, journey, or die. It refers to transporting things from one place to another and focuses on the personal significance of the destination.
CXXI “stand” = histemi. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” and “wrapped” in v6 & “interval” in v7 & “Portico” in v12. See note XIV above.
CXXII “temple” = hieron. Related to “high priest” in v17. From hieros (see note CIV above). This is the word for temple.
CXXIII “tell” = laleo. From lalos (talkative). This is to talk, say, or preach.
CXXIV “whole” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CXXV “message” = rhema. From rheo (to speak, command, make, say, speak of); from ereo (to all, say, speak of, tell; denotes ongoing speech). This is word, which implies a matter or thing spoken, a command, report, promise, thing, or business. Often used for narration, commands, or disputes.
CXXVI “life” = Zoe. From zao (to live, be alive). This is life including the vitality of humans, plants, and animals – it is life physical and spiritual and life everlasting.

21 When they heard this, they enteredCXXVII the temple at daybreakCXXVIII and went on with their teaching.CXXIX

When the high priest and those with him arrived,CXXX they called togetherCXXXI

Notes on verse 21a

CXXVII “entered” = eiserchomai. Same as “came in” in v7. See note L above.
CXXVIII “daybreak” = orthros. Related to “sect” in v17. 3x in NT. Perhaps from the same as oros (mountain, hill); from airo (see note CVII above). This is sunrise, daybreak, early dawn.
CXXIX “went on with…teaching” = didasko. From dao (learn). This is to teach, direct, instruct, or impart knowledge. In the New Testament, this is almost always used for teaching scripture.
CXXX “arrived” = paraginomai. Related to “wife” in v1 & “seized” in v5. From para (from beside, by) + ginomai (see note IV above). This is to arrive, appear, reach. It implies appearing publicly.
CXXXI “called together” = sugkaleo. Related to “church” in v11. 8x in NT. From sun (with, together with) + kaleo (see note LXVIII above). This is to summon or call together.

the councilCXXXII and the wholeCXXXIII body of the eldersCXXXIV ofCXXXV

Notes on verse 21b

CXXXII “council” = sunedrion. From sun (with, together with) + hedra (convening, siting together, being firm and faithful); {from aphedron (seat, well-seated; figuratively, this is firm in purpose, steadfast); from hedra (a seat)}. This is Sanhedrin – literally a sitting together. It was the high court for Jews and had 71 members. This term could also mean council or meeting place and was used for the lower courts that were throughout the land and had 23 members.
CXXXIII “whole” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CXXXIV “body of the elders” = gerousia. 1x in NT. From geron (old, old person). This is an assembly of elders, senate, Sanhedrin.
CXXXV {untranslated} = huios. Literally, “of the sons of.” This is son, descendant – a son whether natural born or adopted. It can be used figuratively for other forms of kinship.

IsraelCXXXVI and sentCXXXVII to the prisonCXXXVIII to have them brought.CXXXIX 

Notes on verse 21c

CXXXVI “Israel” = Israel. From Hebrew Yisrael (God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring); {from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god)}. This is Israel the people and the land.
CXXXVII “sent” = apostello. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” and “wrapped” in v6 & “interval” in v7 & “Portico” in v12 & “stand” in v20. See note XIV above.
CXXXVIII “prison” = desmoterion. Related to “public” in v18. 4x in NT – 1x in Matthew & 3x in Acts. From desmos (a bond, chain, infirmity, impediment, ligament); {from deo (see note CXIII above)} + -terion (a place). This is a prison or dungeon.
CXXXIX “brought” = ago. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19. See note CXVI above.

22 But when the temple policeCXL wentCXLI there, they did not find them in the prison,CXLII so they returnedCXLIII and reported,CXLIV 

Notes on verse 22

CXL “temple police” = huperetes. From huper (by, under, subordinate to another) + eresso (to row). This is originally a rower or someone who crewed a boat on the lower deck. It came to mean underling, servant, or attendant. It is also used in the New Testament of disciples under the gospel.
CXLI “went” = paraginomai. Same as “arrived” in v21. See note CXXX above.
CXLII “prison” = phulake. Same as “prison” in v19. See note CXVIII above.
CXLIII “returned” = anastrepho. 9x in NT. From ana (up, again, back, among, anew) + strepho (to turn, change, turn back, be converted; to turn around completely to take the opposite path or a completely different one); {from trope (turning, shifting, a revolution; figuratively, a variation); from trepo (to turn)}. This is to turn back, return, or over turn. It can also imply busying oneself and so to remain, dwell, behave, or live somewhere.
CXLIV “reported” = apaggello. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21. From apo (from, away from) + aggello (to announce, report); {from aggelos (see note CXVI above)}. This is to report, declare, bring word. It is an announcement that emphasizes the source.

23 CXLV“We found the prisonCXLVI securelyCXLVII lockedCXLVIII and the guardsCXLIX standing at the doors, but when we opened them we found no one inside.” 

Notes on verse 23

CXLV {untranslated} = lego. Related to “words” in v5. See note XXXIII above.
CXLVI “prison” = desmoterion. Same as “prison” in v21. See note CXXXVIII above.
CXLVII “securely” = en + pas + asphaleia. Literally, “with all security.” Pas is the same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above. Asphaleia is 3x in NT. From asphales (certain, reliable, secure, definite; literally unfailing – something that is secure because it is solid and constructed on something that will not fall or slip; it is literal or figurative); {from a (not, without) + sphallo (to trip up or fail)}. This is firmness, certainty, reliability. It is security in a literal or figurative sense.
CXLVIII “locked” = kleio. 16x in NT. This is to close, shut, or lock in a literal of figurative sense. Figuratively used for shutting out of the kingdom of heaven or the wedding banquet, the heavens shutting as in there is no rain, and also for heartlessness.
CXLIX “guards” = phulax. Related to “prison” in v19. 3x in NT – all in Acts. From phulasso (see note CXVIII above). This is a guard, watcher, or sentry.

24 Now when the captainCL of the temple and the chief priestsCLI heard these words, they were perplexedCLII about them, wondering what might be going on.CLIII 

Notes on verse 24

CL “captain” = strategos. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22. 10x in NT. From stratia (army; used figuratively for large, organized groups like the angels and the hosts of heaven, which is to say the stars); {from the same as strateuo (to wage war, fight, serve as a soldier; used figuratively for spiritual warfare); or from the base of stronnuo (to spread, to spread out like a bed)} + hegeomai (to think, suppose, have an opinion; to lead the way, what comes in front or first, initial thought, high esteem or authority; one who commands in an official capacity); {from ago (see note CXVI above)}. This is a military leader, general, military governor, magistrate. It can also be a temple leader such as the Levitical head of the temple guard.
CLI “chief priests” = archiereus. Same as “high priest” in v17. See note CIV above.
CLII “perplexed” = diaporeo. Related to “go” in v20. 4x in NT. From dia (through, across to the other side, thoroughly) + aporeo (perplexed, in doubt; mentally at a loss); {from a (not, without) + poros (see note CXX above)}. This is in trouble or doubt, having difficulty. This is being perplexed because you can’t find a solution.
CLIII “what might be going on” = tis + an + ginomai + houtos. Literally, “what this might be.” Ginomai is the same as “seized” in v5. See note XXXVIII above.

25 Then someone arrived and announced,CLIV “Look, the men whom you put in prisonCLV are standing in the temple and teachingCLVI the people!” 

26 Then the captain wentCLVII with the temple police and broughtCLVIII them,

Notes on verses 25-26a

CLIV “announced” = apaggello. Same as “reported” in v22. See note CXLIV above.
CLV “prison” = phulake. Same as “prison” in v19. See note CXVIII above.
CLVI “teaching” = didasko. Same as “went on with…teaching” in v21. See note CXXIX above.
CLVII “went” = aperchomai. Related to “came in” in v7 & “came” in v15 & “gather” in v16. From apo (from, away from) + erchomai (see note L above). This is to depart, follow, or go off in a literal or figurative sense.
CLVIII “brought” = ago. Same as “brought” in v21. See note CXXXIX above.

but without violence,CLIX for they were afraidCLX of being stonedCLXI by the people.

27 When they had broughtCLXII them, they had them stand before the council.

Notes on verses 26b-27a

CLIX “violence” = bia. 4x in NT – all in Acts. This is strength, force, or violence.
CLX “were afraid” = phobeo. Related to “fear” in v5. From phobos (see note XXXVII above). This is also to put to flight, terrify, frighten, dread, reverence, to withdraw or avoid. It is sometimes used in a positive sense to mean the fear of the Lord, echoing Old Testament language. More commonly, it is fear of following God’s path. This is where the word phobia comes from.
CLXI “stoned” = lithazo. 9x in NT. From lithos (stone literal of figurative). This is to stone someone.
CLXII “brought” = ago. Same as “brought” in v21. See note CXXXIX above.

The high priest questionedCLXIII them, 28 saying,CLXIV “We gaveCLXV you strict ordersCLXVI not to teach in this name, 

Notes on verses 27b-28a

CLXIII “questioned” = eperotao. Related to “message” in v20. From epi (on, upon, against, what is fitting) + erotao (asking a question or making an earnest request; used when one anticipates special consideration for their request); {from eromai (to ask) OR from ereo (see note CXXV above)}. This is to question, interrogate, seek, or demand. The questioner is at an advantage – in a preferred position when they make their question.
CLXIV “saying” = lego. Same as {untranslated} in v23. See note CXLV above.
CLXV “gave” = paraggello. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24 & “strict orders” in v28. See note CLXVI below.
CLXVI “strict orders” = paraggelia. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24. 5x in NT. From paraggello (to send a message, order, notify, command; a charge – a proper command as a military term that has followed proper channels; to entreat solemnly); {from para (from beside, by) + aggello (see note CXLIV above)}. This is strict orders, instructions, precept, or mandate.

yet hereCLXVII you have filledCLXVIII Jerusalem with your teaching,CLXIX and you are determinedCLXX to bringCLXXI this man’sCLXXII bloodCLXXIII on us.” 

Notes on verse 28b

CLXVII “here” = idou. Same as “look” in v9. See note LIX above.
CLXVIII “filled” = pleroo. Same as “filled” in v3. See note XVIII above.
CLXIX “teaching” = didache. Related to “went on with…teaching” in v21. From didasko (see note CXXIX above). This is teaching or doctrine.
CLXX “are determined” = boulomai. This is to wish, desire, intend. Also, to plan with great determination.
CLXXI “bring” = epago. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24 & “strict orders” and “gave” in v28. 3x in NT. From epi (on, upon, what is fitting) + ago (see note CXVI above). This is to bring, impute an evil or crime to.
CLXXII “man’s” = anthropos. Same as “us” in v4. See note XXX above.
CLXXIII “blood” = haima. This is blood in a literal sense as bloodshed. Figuratively, it can also be used to refer to wine or to kinship (being related).

29 But Peter and the apostles answered,CLXXIV “We mustCLXXV obeyCLXXVI God ratherCLXXVII than any humanCLXXVIII authority. 

Notes on verse 29

CLXXIV “answered” = apokrinomai. Same as “said” in v8. See note LIII above.
CLXXV “must” = dei. Related to “public” in v18 & “prison” in v21. From deo (see note CXIII above). This is what is necessary or proper. It is what is needed or what one should do – a duty or something inevitable. This refers to something absolutely necessary.
CLXXVI “obey” = peitharcheo. Related to “were” in v4 & “high priest” in v17 & to “believers” in v14. 4x in NT – 3x in Acts & 1x in Titus. From peitho (see note LXXXV above) + archo (see note XXVI above). This is to obey, listen, or follow. It is to obey a higher authority, be convinced by a ruler or to advice.
CLXXVII “rather” = mallon. Same as “more” in v14. See note LXXXIV above.
CLXXVIII “human” = anthropos. Same as “us” in v4. See note XXX above.

30 The God of our ancestorsCLXXIX raised upCLXXX Jesus,CLXXXI

Notes on verse 30a

CLXXIX “ancestors” = pater. This is father in a literal or figurative sense. Could be elder, senior, ancestor, originator, or patriarch.
CLXXX “raised up” = egeiro. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.
CLXXXI “Jesus” = Iesous. Related to “Ananias” in v1. From Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua, the Lord is salvation); {from YHVH (see note III above) + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone)}. This is Jesus or Joshua in Greek – the Lord saves or the Lord is salvation.

whom you had killedCLXXXII by hangingCLXXXIII him on a tree.CLXXXIV 31 God exaltedCLXXXV him at his right handCLXXXVI

Notes on verses 30b-31a

CLXXXII “killed” = diacheirizomai. Related to “land” in v3 & “immediately” in v10 & {untranslated} in v12. 2x in NT– both in Acts. From dia (through, across to the other side, thoroughly) + cheir (see note LXXIV above). This is to lay hands on, to kill, use violence. 
CLXXXIII “hanging” = kremannumi. 7x in NT. This is to hang or suspend. Figuratively, it means to depend.
CLXXXIV “tree” = xulon. This refers to things made of wood such as a tree trunk, club, staff, or cross. It can also refer to timber used as fuel for a fire.
CLXXXV “exalted” = hupsoo. From hupsos (height, high position, heaven, dignity, eminence; elevation, altitude; to be exalted); from hupsi (on high, aloft); from huper (over, above, beyond). This is to elevate in a literal or figurative sense. So it could be to raise up or set something in a high place or to exalt or make something great.
CLXXXVI “right hand” = dexios. Perhaps from dechomai (to warmly receive, be ready for what is offered, take, accept, or welcome; to receive in a literal or figurative sense). This is right, right side, or the right hand.

as LeaderCLXXXVII and SaviorCLXXXVIII that he might giveCLXXXIX

Notes on verse 31b

CLXXXVII “Leader” = Archegos. Related to “were” in v4 & “high priest” in v17 & “obey” in v29 & to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24 & “strict orders” and “gave” and “bring” in v28. 4x in NT. From archo (see note XXVI above) + hegeomai (see note CL above). This is leader, founder, captain – someone who begins or pioneers a movement with followers.
CLXXXVIII “Savior” = Soter. From sozo (to save, heal, preserve, or rescue. Properly, this is taking someone from danger to safety. It can be delivering or protecting literally or figuratively); from sos (safe, rescued, well). This is savior, deliverer, preserver.
CLXXXIX “give” = didomi. Related to “sold” in v8. See note LIV above.

repentanceCXC to Israel and forgivenessCXCI of sins.CXCII 

Notes on verse 31c

CXC “repentance” = metanoia. Related to “named” in v1. From meta (with, among, after, beyond) + noieo (to perceive, think, understand); {from nous (mind, understanding, reasoning faculty, intellect, capacity to reflect); from ginosko (see note II above)}. This is literally to change one’s mind – to choose to think differently and so to act differently because of a moral compunction. It is an intentional change to the inner self. This word shares a root with the English “paranoia.”
CXCI “forgiveness” = aphesis. 17x in NT. From aphiemi (to send away, release, abandon, lay aside, forgive); {from apo (from, away from) + hiemi (to send, to go)}. This is sending away – a release or letting go. So, it can be releasing someone from debt, slavery, or some other obligation – thus, freedom or liberty. Figuratively it can mean to pardon as releasing from the debt of sin.
CXCII “sins” = hamartia. Related to “part” in v2. From hamartano (to miss the mark, do wrong, make a mistake, sin); {from a (not) + meros (see note XII above)}. Literally, this means not having one’s share or portion – like not receiving inheritance or what was allotted to you. This word means missing the mark so it is used for guilt, fault, and acts of sin.

32 And we are witnessesCXCIII to these things,CXCIV and so is the Holy Spirit whom God has givenCXCV to those who obey him.”

33 When they heard this, they were enragedCXCVI and wantedCXCVII to killCXCVIII them. 

Notes on verses 32-33

CXCIII “witnesses” = martus. This is a witness whether having heard or seen something. It refers to a witness literally, judicially, or figuratively. By analogy, this is a martyr. This is also where the word “martyr” comes from.
CXCIV “things” = rhema. Same as “message” in v20. See note CXXV above.
CXCV “given” = didomi. Same as “give” in v31. See note CLXXXIX above.
CXCVI “enraged” = diaprio. 2x in NT – both in Acts. From dia (through, because of, across, thoroughly) + the same as prizo (to saw, saw through); {from prio (to saw)}. This is to saw apart. Figuratively, it is to cut someone with anger or envy or exasperation. It is cutting core emotions.
CXCVII “wanted” = boulomai. Same as “are determined” in v28. See note CLXX above.
CXCVIII “kill” = anaireo. Related to “sect” in v17 & “daybreak” in v21. From ana (up, back, among, again, anew) + haireo (see note CVII above). This is to take up or away, which implies taking with violence. So, this is used for murdering, executing, and slaying.

34 But a PhariseeCXCIX in the council named Gamaliel,CC a teacher of the law,CCI

Notes on verse 34a

CXCIX “Pharisee” = Pharisaios. From Aramaic peras (to divide, separate) and from Hebrew parash (to make distinct, separate, scatter). This is a Pharisee, a member of a Jewish sect active in the 1st century. Their name meant separate in the sense of wanting to live a life separated from sin. Whereas the Sadducees were part of the priestly line and inherited their religious position and responsibilities, Pharisees were regular people who studied the scriptures and offered guidance to regular folk. Sadducees were often wealthier and willing to sacrifice their identity to rub elbows with Roman society. Pharisees were often more concerned with what it meant to follow God without compromising what made them different as followers of God. Sadducees primarily believed in that which was written down (the first five books of the Bible) and Pharisees believed in the Bible and the traditions of the elders. Pharisees had a very wide range of interpretations and diversity of opinion. Their standard mode of religious engagement was lively debate with one another. To argue religion with another teacher was to recognize that they had something of value to offer.
CC “Gamliel” = Gamaliel. Related to “Israel” in v21. 2x in NT – both in Acts. From Hebrew Gamliel (Gamaliel, “reward of God”); {from gamal (how one deals with someone whether positively or negatively – so to reward, requite; to wean or the work that goes into something ripening) + El (see note CXXXVI above)}. This is Gamaliel, meaning “investment of God” or “God is my investment” or “reward of God” or “God has rewarded” or “recompense of God” or “camel of God.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Gamaliel.html
CCI “teacher of the law” = nomodidaskalos. Related to “went on with…teaching” in v21 & “teaching” in v28. 3x in NT. From nomos (what is assigned – usage, law, custom, principle; used for the law in general or of God’s law; sometimes used to refer to the first five books of the Bible or the entire Old Testament; also used to refer to theology or the practice and tradition of interpreting and implementing the law of God); {from nemo (to parcel out)} + didaskalos (teacher, master); {from didasko (see note CXXIX above)}. This is a teacher of the law of Moses.

respectedCCII by allCCIII the people, stood upCCIV and orderedCCV the menCCVI to be putCCVII outside for a short time.CCVIII 

Notes on verse 34b

CCII “respected” = timios. Related to “proceeds” in v2. 13x in NT. From time (see note X above). This is valued, precious, respected, or dear. It is something that holds value.
CCIII “all” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CCIV “stood up” = anistemi. Same as “came” in v6. See note XLI above.
CCV “ordered” = keleuo. Related to “church” in v11 & “called together” in v21. See note LXVIII above.
CCVI “men” = aner. Same as “man” in v3. See note I above.
CCVII “put” = poieo. This is to make, do, act, construct, abide, or cause.
CCVIII “for a short time” = brachus. 7x in NT. This is little, few, small area, short interval of time.

35 Then he said to them, “FellowCCIX Israelites,CCX consider carefullyCCXI

Notes on verse 35a

CCIX “fellow” = aner. Same as “man” in v3. See note I above.
CCX “Israelites” = Israelites. Related to “Israel” in v21 & “Gamaliel” in v34. 9x in NT. From Israel (see note CXXXVI above). This is Israel the people and the land. This is Israelite in a literal or figurative sense.
CCXI “consider carefully” = prosecho. Related to “tormented” in v16. From pros (at, toward) + echo (see note C above). This is have towards, which is to say to give something your complete attention, beware, be cautious, hold to, turn to.

what you proposeCCXII to doCCXIII to these men.CCXIV 

Notes on verse 35b

CCXII “propose” = mello. Perhaps from melo (something that one is worried or concerned about, something one pays attention to or thinks about). Properly, this is ready, about to happen, to intend, delay, or linger. This is just on the point of acting.
CCXIII “do” = prasso. Related to “deed” in v4. See note XXIX above.
CCXIV “men” = anthropos. Same as “us” in v4. See note XXX above.

36 For some time agoCCXV TheudasCCXVI rose up,CCXVII claimingCCXVIII to be somebody, and a numberCCXIX of men,CCXX

Notes on verse 36a

CCXV “some time ago” = prohoutos + ho + hemera. Literally, “before…these days.” Hemera is perhaps from hemai (to sit). This is day, time, or daybreak.
CCXVI “Theudas” = Theudas. 1x in NT. This is Theudas, whose name may mean “flowing with water.” See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theudas
CCXVII “rose up” = anistemi. Same as “came” in v6. See note XLI above.
CCXVIII “claiming” = lego. Same as {untranslated} in v23. See note CXLV above.
CCXIX “number” = arithmos. Related to “sect” in v17 & “daybreak” in v21 & “kill” in v33. 18x in NT. From airo (see note CVII above). This is a number or total that has been counted to together.
CCXX “men” = aner. Same as “man” in v3. See note I above.

about four hundred,CCXXI joinedCCXXII him, but he was killed,CCXXIII

Notes on verse 36b

CCXXI “four hundred” = tetrakosioi. 4x in NT – 3x in Acts & 1x in Galatians. From tessares (four; perhaps figurative for universality) + Hekaton (100). This is four hundred, which might imply universality.
CCXXII “joined” = prosklisis. Related to “cots” in v15. 2x in NT. From pros (at, to, toward, with) + klino (see note XCI above). Literally, this is like a scale that is tipped towards a specific side. This is inclined towards, having a bias, showing favoritism.
CCXXIII “killed” = anaireo. Same as “kill” in v33. See note CXCVIII above.

and allCCXXIV who followedCCXXV him were dispersedCCXXVI and disappeared.CCXXVII 

Notes on verse 36c

CCXXIV “all” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CCXXV “followed” = peitho. Related to “believers” in v14 & “obey” in v29. See note LXXXV above.
CCXXVI “dispersed” = dialuo. 1x in NT. From dia (through, because of, across, thoroughly) + luo (to loose, release, untie; figuratively, to break, destroy, or annul; releasing what had been withheld). This is to break up, dissolve, scatter.
CCXXVII “disappeared” = ginomai + eis + oudeis. Literally, “it came to nothing.” Ginomai is the same as “seized” in v5. See note XXXVIII above.

37 After him JudasCCXXVIII the GalileanCCXXIX rose upCCXXX

Notes on verse 37a

CCXXVIII “Judas” = Ioudas. From Hebrew Yehudah (Judah, son of Jacob, his tribal descendants, a name for the southern kingdom. Literally, it means praised); probably from yadah (to throw one’s hands into the air in a gesture of praise); from yad (hand). This is Judah or Judas, meaning praised.
CCXXIX “Galilean” = Galilaios. 11x in NT. From galilaia (Galilee, the region and the sea); from Hebrew galil (cylinder, circuit, district); from galal (to roll in a literal or figurative sense, roll away, roll down, wallow, remove, trust). This is Galilean.
CCXXX “rose up” = anistemi. Same as “came” in v6. See note XLI above.

at the timeCCXXXI of the censusCCXXXII and gotCCXXXIII people to followCCXXXIV him;

Notes on verse 37b

CCXXXI “at the time” = en + ho + hemera. Literally, “in the days.” Hemera is the same as “some time ago” in v36. See note CCXV above.
CCXXXII “census” = apographe. 2x in NT – 1x in Luke & 1x in Acts. From apographo (to register, enroll, write a list); {from apo (from, away from) + grapho (to wrote, describe)}. This is registration, enrollment, census, a taxing.
CCXXXIII “got” = aphistemi. Related to “apostles” in v2 & “came” and “wrapped” in v6 & “interval” in v7 & “Portico” in v12 & “stand” in v20 & “sent” in v21. 14x in NT. From apo (from, away from) + histemi (see note XIV above). This is to remove, repel, refrain, depart from, foment a revolt, repel.
CCXXXIV “follow” = opiso. Related to “us” in v4. From the same as opisthen (after, back, from the rear); probably from opis (back); from optanomai (see note XXX above). This is back, behind, after.

he also perished,CCXXXV and allCCXXXVI who followedCCXXXVII him were scattered.CCXXXVIII 

Notes on verse 37c

CCXXXV “perished” = apollumi. From apo (from, away from) + ollumi (to destroy or ruin; the loss that comes from a major ruination). This is to destroy, cut off, to perish – perhaps violently. It can also mean to cancel or remove.
CCXXXVI “all” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CCXXXVII “followed” = peitho. Same as “followed” in v36. See note CCXXV above.
CCXXXVIII “scattered” = diaskorpizo. 9x in NT. From dia (through, on account of, across, thoroughly) + skorpizo (to scatter, distribute, dissipate, waste). This is to separate or disperse. Figuratively, it can be squander or waste.

38 So in the present case, I tellCCXXXIX you, keep awayCCXL from these menCCXLI and let them alone,CCXLII

Notes on verse 38a

CCXXXIX “tell” = lego. Same as {untranslated} in v23. See note CXLV above.
CCXL “keep away” = aphistemi. Same as “got” in v37. See note CCXXXIII above.
CCXLI “men” = anthropos. Same as “us” in v4. See note XXX above.
CCXLII “let…alone” = aphiemi. Related to “forgiveness” in v31. See note CXCI above.

because if this planCCXLIII or this undertakingCCXLIV is of human origin, it will fail;CCXLV 

Notes on verse 38b

CCXLIII “plan” = boule. Related to “are determined” in v28. 12x in NT. From boulomai (see note CLXX above). This is counsel, plan, purpose, decision. It refers to wisdom that comes from deliberation.
CCXLIV “undertaking” = ergon. From ergo (to work, accomplish, do). This is work, task, deed, labor, effort.
CCXLV “fail” = kataluo. Related to “dispersed” inv 36. 17x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + luo (see note CCXXVI above). Literally, this means thoroughly loosening. It can mean unharnessing or unyoking animals and so to lodge somewhere for a night. It can also mean to disintegrate or demolish in a literal or figurative sense. So, it can be destroy, overthrow, abolish, or tear down.

39 but if it is of God, you will not be ableCCXLVI to overthrowCCXLVII them—in that case you may even be found fighting against God!”CCXLVIII

Notes on verse 39a

CCXLVI “be able” = dunamai. This is to be able, or something that is possible. It can also be empowered or being powerful. The Greek word for “miracle” (dunamis) comes from this root.
CCXLVII “overthrow” = kataluo. Same as “fail” in v38. See note CCXLV above.
CCXLVIII “fighting against God” = theomachos. Related to “God” in v4. 1x in NT. From Theos (see note XXXI above) + machomai (to fight, strive, dispute, quarrel; to war). This is to fight a deity.

They were convincedCCXLIX by him, 40 and when they had called inCCL the apostles, they had them flogged.CCLI Then they orderedCCLII them not to speakCCLIII in the name of Jesus and let them go.CCLIV 

Notes on verses 39b-40

CCXLIX “convinced” = peitho. Same as “followed” in v36. See note CCXXV above.
CCL “called in” = proskaleo. Related to “church” in v11 & “called together” in v21 & to “church” in v11 & “ordered” in v34. From pros (at, to, toward, with) + kaleo (see note LXVIII above). This is to call to oneself, summon.
CCLI “flogged” = dero. 15x in NT. To whip, flog, scourge, beat, thrash.
CCLII “ordered” = paraggello. Same as “gave” in v28. See note CLXV above.
CCLIII “speak” = laleo. Same as “tell” in v20. See note CXXII above.
CCLIV “let…go” = apoluo. Related to “dispersed” in v36 & “fail” in v38. From apo (from, away from) + luo (see note CCXXVI above). This is letting go, setting free, or releasing. So, it can be to discharge, dismiss, divorce, pardon, or set at liberty.

41 CCLVAs they leftCCLVI the council, they rejoicedCCLVII, CCLVIII

Notes on verse 41a

CCLV {untranslated} = men. This is truly, indeed, even, in fact. Often, it is not translated, but used to emphasize affirmation.
CCLVI “left” = poreuomai. Same as “go” in v20. See note CXX above.
CCLVII “rejoiced” = chairo. From char– (to extend favor, lean towards, be inclined to be favorable towards). This is to rejoice, be glad or cheerful; a greeting. This is the root verb that the Greek word for “grace” comes from (charis).
CCLVIII {untranslated} = prosopon. Related to “us” in v4 & “follow” in v37. From pros (at, towards, with) + ops (see note XXX above). This is the face, surface, or front. It can imply presence more generally.

that they were considered worthyCCLIX to suffer dishonorCCLX for the sake of the name. 42 And everyCCLXI dayCCLXII in the temple

Notes on verses 41b-42a

CCLIX “considered worthy” = kataxioo. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24 & “strict orders” and “gave” and “bring” in v28 & “Leader” in v31. 3x in NT. From kata (down, against, according to) + axioo (to consider worthy, deserve, see something as good); {from axios (related to weight or worth – deserving, suitable, corresponding, due reward); from ago (see note CXVI above)}. This is to consider or make worthy. Properly, to assess something as worthy, weighing out its precise value.
CCLX “suffer dishonor” = atimazo. Related to “proceeds” in v2 & “respected” in v34. 7x in NT. From atimos (without honor, lacking value, without dignity, despised); {from a (not, without) + time (see note X above)}. This is to dishonor or disgrace, insult, shame, mistreat. It is mistreating someone because they are seen as lacking value or worth.
CCLXI “every” = pas. Same as “all” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
CCLXII “day” = hemera. Same as “some time ago” in v36. See note CCXV above.

and at homeCCLXIII they did not ceaseCCLXIV to teachCCLXV and proclaimCCLXVI Jesus as the Messiah.CCLXVII

Notes on verse 42b

CCLXIII “home” = oikos. This is house – the building, the household, the family, descendants, the temple.
CCLXIV “cease” = pauo. 15x in NT. To stop, refrain, pause, restrain, quit, or come to an end.
CCLXV “teach” = didasko. Same as “went on with…teaching” in v21. See note CXXIX above.
CCLXVI “proclaim” = euaggelizo. Related to “angel” and “brought…out” in v19 & “brought” in v21 & “reported” in v22 & “captain” in v24 & “strict orders” and “gave” and “bring” in v28 & “Leader” in v31 & “considered worthy” in v41. From eu (well, good, rightly) + aggelos (see note CXVI above). This is evangelize – literally to preach the good news. It can be those who hear the news, the news, or a way to say gospel.
CCLXVII “Messiah” = Christos. From chrio (consecrate by anointing with oil; often done for prophets, priests, or kings). Literally, the anointed one, Christ. The Greek word for Messiah.


Image credit: “Reclining Figure” by Henry Moore, 1951.

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