Numbers 28

^I “Lord” = YHVH. From havah (to be, become) or hayah (to come to pass, become, be). This is the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton. This pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place.
^II “spoke” = dabar. This is generally to speak, answer, declare, or command. It might mean to arrange and so to speak in a figurative sense as arranging words.
^III “Moses” = Mosheh. From mashah (to pull out in a literal or figurative sense, to draw out) OR from Egyptian mes or mesu (child, son i.e. child of…). This is Moses – the one drawn out from the water, which is to say, rescued. If derived from the Egyptian, his name would share a root with Rameses and Thutmose.

^IV “command” = tsavah. This is to charge, command, order, appoint, or enjoin. This is the root that the Hebrew word for “commandment” comes from (mitsvah).
^V “Israelites” = ben + Yisrael. Literally, “children of Israel.” Ben is from banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense. Yisrael is from sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^VI “offering” = qorban. From qarab (to come near, offer, make ready). This is an oblation or offering, which is to say, a sacrifice.

^VII “food” = lechem. From lacham (to eat, feed on). This is bread, food, loaf. It can refer to food more generally for people or for animals.
^VIII “offerings by fire” = ishsheh. From eshshah (a fire); from esh (fire, burning, flaming, hot; fire in a literal or figurative sense). This is an offering by fire or a burnt offering. More broadly, it can refer to any kind of sacrifice.
^IX “pleasing” = nichoach. From nuach (to rest, calm, camp, free, place, remain, satisfy, settle, station, or wait; implies settling down in a literal or figurative sense). This is soothing, restful, sweet, pleasant.
^X “odor” = reyach. From ruach (to blow, breath; smell, anticipate; figuratively, to perceive, understand). This is a scent or breath – a savor, ointment. It is also used for the odor of sacrifices that pleases God.

^XI “take care” = shamar. This is to keep, watch, or preserve. It means to guard something or to protect it as a thorny hedge protects something.
^XII “offer” = qarab. Related to “offering” in v2. See note VI above. See note VI above.
^XIII “appointed time” = moed. From yaad (to appoint, assemble or gather selves, agree). This is a meeting, assembly, fixed time. It can be used for a festival or feast. It can also refer to a meeting place.
^XIV “two” = shenayim. From sheni (double, again, another, second); from shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is two, both, second, couple.
^XV “male lambs” = kebes. Root may mean to dominate. This is a young male sheep – having just reached the age where it can butt other sheep.

^XVI “year” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.
^XVII “old” = ben. Same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above.
^XVIII “without blemish” = tamim. From tamam (to finish or accomplish; to make perfect, demonstrate that you are upright; consume; to complete in a literal or figurative sense). This is entire in a literal or figurative sense. So, it could be complete, full, intact, or without defect. Alternately, it could refer to being sound, having integrity, being sincere or perfect.

^XIX “daily” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^XX “regular” = tamid. May come from a word that means to stretch. This word means an indefinite period of time. So, it could be regular or daily. It could also be constantly, continually, always, or perpetually.
^XXI “offering” = olah. From alah (to go up, climb, approach, bring; to be high or actively climb; can be literal or figurative). This is a step, stairs, or some kind of ascent. It is also used for whole burnt offerings, being the offering in which the whole thing is burned and rises as smoke. Burnt offerings were the least common of the offerings: most were eaten, shared with the priest and the one bringing the offering.

^XXII “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^XXIII “offer” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^XXIV “morning” = boqer. From baqar (to seek, plow, break forth, admire, care for). This refers to the break of day. So it is dawn, early, morning, or morrow.
^XXV “other” = sheni. Related to “two” in v3. See note XIV above.
^XXVI “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XXVII “at” = bayin. From bin (to discern, consider, attend to; distinguishing things in one’s mind or, more generally, to understand). This is among, between, interval.
^XXVIII “twilight” = ereb. This is evening or dusk.

^XXIX “one-tenth” = asiri. From the same as eser (ten, -teen); perhaps from asar (to tithe, render a tenth of). This is a tenth.
^XXX “ephah” = ephah. Perhaps from Egyptian ipet (“a dry measure of volume equivalent to…about 19.2 litres”). This is an ephah – specifically, a measure for flour or grain. It can also be used ore generally to refer to a measure. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/jpt#Egyptian
^XXXI “choice flour” = soleth. It may come from a word that means to strip. This is fine flour.
^XXXII “grain offering” = minchah. This is a gift or an offering, particularly a sacrificial one that is generally bloodless and given spontaneously (voluntarily).

^XXXIII “mixed” = balal. This is to anoint, mix, overflow. It can also be to fodder or temper.
^XXXIV “one-fourth” = rebii. From the same as arba (four); perhaps from raba (to make something square). This is fourth or square-shaped.
^XXXV “hin” = hin. From Egyptian hwn (jar, unit of measurement for liquid; around .48 liters). This is hin, a unit of measurement used for liquids. See https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hin
^XXXVI “beaten” = kathith. 5x in OT. From kathath (to crush into pieces, to beat with a hammer, smash, bruise). This is beaten or fine.
^XXXVII “oil” = shemen. From shamen (to shine, which implies being oily, growing fat). This is fat, oil, grease, olive oil – often with perfume. Used figuratively for fertile, lavish, rich.

^XXXVIII “ordained” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XXXIX “Mount” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.
^XL “Sinai” = Sinay. Probably from the same as Sin (Sin, a city meaning “clay” or “bush); {perhaps from asam (to gather, store) OR from seneh (thorn bush) OR related to Aramaic siyn (a god called Sin) OR perhaps Hebrew siyn (related to mud or clay)}. This is Sinai – a place whose name may mean “bush of the Lord” or “muddy.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Sinai.html

^XLI “drink offering” = nesek. From nasak (to pour out or melt; used especially for libations or for the process of making cast metal; can also be used figuratively for anointing a king). This is a drink offering or a molten image.
^XLII “each” = echad. Same as “one” in v4. See note XXII above.
^XLIII “sanctuary” = qodesh. This is set apart and so sacred. God is different from us and so God is holy/set apart. Things we dedicate to God’s service are set apart for God and so they, too, are holy, etc.

^XLIV “pour out” = nasak. Related to “drink offering” in v7. See note XLI above.
^XLV “strong drink” = shekar. From shakar (to be filled with drink, merry, tipsy; satiated in a positive sense or drunken in a negative sense; also figuratively influence). This is a beverage that intoxicates, liquor, a strong wine. It could also be someone who is a drunk.
^XLVI “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XLVII “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.

^XLVIII “Sabbath” = Shabbat. From shabath (to rest, stop, repose, cease working; by implication, to celebrate). This is sabbath, literally meaning rest or intermission.
^XLIX “day” = yom. Same as “daily” in v3. See note XIX above.
^L “tenths” = issaron. Related to “tenth” in v5. From the same as eser (see note XXIX above). This is a tenth.

^LI “beginnings” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).
^LII “months” = chodesh. From chadash (to renew, repair). This refers to a new moon. It can also mean monthly.
^LIII “offer” = qarab. Same as “offer” in v2. See note XII above.
^LIV “Lord” = YHVH. Related to “Lord” in v1. From the same as YHVH (see note I above). It has a different vowel pointing, but the same meaning as “Lord.”

^LV “young bulls” = par + ben + baqar. Literally, “bulls of the children of the herd.” Par is perhaps related to parar (to break, defeat, frustrate, caste off, clean, cease). This is a young bull or ox. Ben is the same as “Israelites” in v2. See note V above. Baqar is related to “morning” in v4. See note XXIV above.
^LVI “ram” = ayil. From the same as ul (mighty, strength, body, belly; root may mean to twist and that implies strength and power). This is strength so it is used to indicate things that are strong or powerful: political chiefs, rams, posts, trees, oaks.
^LVII “seven” = sheba. This is seven or by sevenfold. It can also be used to imply a week or an indefinite number. Symbolically, this is the number of fullness, sacredness, perfection.

^LVIII “three” = shalosh. This is three, fork, three times.
^LIX “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^LX “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^LXI “one-tenth” = issaron + issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^LXII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^LXIII “be” = hayah. Related to “Lord” in v1 & “Lord” in v11.
^LXIV “half” = chatsi. From chatsah (to halve, divide, reach, participate). This is half, middle, midnight, midst.
^LXV “wine” = yayin. Root may mean to effervesce, referring to the fermentation process. This is wine, grape, or banquet. It can imply intoxication.

^LXVI “one-third” = shelishi. Related to “three” in v12. From shalosh (see note LVIII above). This is third or one-third of something.
^LXVII “male goat” = sa’iyr + ez. Sa’iyr is from sa’ar (to storm, scattered by a storm, blow away, rage, fear, storm tossed; to toss in a literal or figurative sense). This is hairy, rough, male goat, shaggy. It could also refer to a devil. Ez is perhaps from azaz (to be strong in a literal or figurative sense, overcome, be impudent). This is a female goat, but can refer to male goats when plural.
^LXVIII “purification offering” = chatta’ah. From chata’ (to miss or go wrong and so to sin, bear the blame; it can also include the sense of forfeiting or lacking). This is sin itself as well as punishment for sin. It is sometimes used specifically to refer to sin that is habitual.
^LXIX “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^LXX “offered” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.

^LXXI “fourteenth” = arba + asar. Arba is related to “one-fourth” in v5. See note XXXIV above. Asar is related to “tenth” in v5 & “tenths” in v9. See note XXIX above.
^LXXII “first” = rishon. Related to “beginnings” in v11. From rishah (beginning or early time); from rosh (see note LI above). This is first, former, ancestor, beginning, ranked first.
^LXXIII “Passover offering” = pesach. From pasach (to stop, pass over, skip over, to spare). This is Passover – used for the feast, the lamb of sacrifice, the day, and the festival itself. It means exemption.
^LXXIV “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.

^LXXV “fifteenth” = chamesh + asar. Chamesh is five. Asar is the same as “fourteenth” in v16. See note LXXI above.
^LXXVI “festival” = chag. From chagag (feast, celebrating a festival, making a pilgrimage; properly, going in a circle or marching in sacred procession; implies giddiness and dancing; reeling to and fro). This is a feast, a sacrifice as part of a festival, or the gathering of the festival.
^LXXVII “unleavened bread” = matstsah. From matsats (to drain out). This is unleavened bread – bread that is sweet rather than becoming sour with the flavor of yeast. Can also be used to refer to the festival of Passover, the staple food of which is commonly transliterate matzoh from this word.
^LXXVIII “eaten” = akal. This is to eat, devour, burn up, or otherwise consume. It can be eating in a literal or figurative sense.

^LXXIX “holy” = qodesh. Same as “sanctuary” in v7. See note XLIII above.
^LXXX “convocation” = miqra. From qara (to call or call out – to call someone by name; calling forth). This is a convocation, assembly, public meeting. It can refer to the place where the meeting is happening or the people meeting.
^LXXXI “work” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^LXXXII {untranslated} = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^LXXXIII “occupations” = melakah + abodah. Melakah is from the same as malak (messenger, an angel, or a deputy; human messengers literally or for prophets, priests, or teachers as messengers of God; also supernatural messengers i.e. angels). Properly, this is a deputyship or some kind of work. It can also be the product that comes from labor. Abodah is from abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is labor, service, bondage, job, servitude, worker. It can refer to any kind of work.

^LXXXIV “offer” = qarab. Same as “offer” in v2. See note XII above.
^LXXXV “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^LXXXVI “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^LXXXVII “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^LXXXVIII “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.

^LXXXIX “one-tenth” = issaron + issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^XC “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XCI “make atonement” = kaphar. This is to appease, cover, pacify, cancel, make atonement, placate. Specifically, it can mean to cover with bitumen.
^XCII “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XCIII “in addition to” = bad. From badad (to divide or be separated; alone, solitary, lonely, isolated, straggler). This is apart, alone, separation, body part, tree branch, except. It can also be a city’s chief.

^XCIV “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XCV “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^XCVI “offered” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.
^XCVII “seventh” = shebii. Related to “seven” in v11. From sheba (see note LVII above). This is seventh.
^XCVIII “have” = hayah. Same as “be” in v14. See note LXIII above.
^XCIX {untranslated} = kol. Same as {untranslated} in v18. See note LXXXII above.

^C “first fruits” = bikkurim. 18x in OT. From bakar (to bear fruit, be firstborn, firstling, that which opens the womb, give the birthright to). This is first fruits – fruit that ripens earliest.
^CI “offer” = qarab. Same as “offer” in v2. See note XII above.
^CII “new” = chadash. Related to “months” in v11. See note LII above.
^CIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^CIV “Weeks” = shabua. Related to “seven” in v11. From sheba (see note LVII above). This is a set of seven. It could be seven days or seven years.
^CV {untranslated} = kol. Same as {untranslated} in v18. See note LXXXII above.

^CVI “offer” = qarab. Same as “offer” in v2. See note XII above.
^CVII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord” in v1. See note I above.
^CVIII “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^CIX “tenths” = issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^CX “one-tenth” = issaron + issaron. Same as “tenths” in v9. See note L above.
^CXI “offer” = asah. Same as “offer” in v4. See note XXIII above.