2 Samuel 13

^I {untranslated} = hayah. This is to be or become, to happen.
^II “some time passed” = achar + ken. Literally, “after this.” Achar is from achar (to remain behind, linger, continue, be behind, or delay; can also imply procrastination). This is after or the last part, following. Ken is perhaps from kun (properly, in a perpendicular position; literally, to establish, fix, fasten, prepare; figuratively, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.
^III “David’s” = David. From the same as dod (beloved, love, uncle); the root may mean to boil, which is used figuratively to describe love. So, this implies someone you love such as a friend, a lover, or a close family member like an uncle. David’s name likely means something like “beloved one.”
^IV “son” = ben. From banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.

^V “Absalom” = Abishalom. From ab (father, chief, ancestor; father in a literal or figurative sense) + shalom (completeness, soundness, welfare, favor, friend, good health; to be safe and figuratively well, happy, at peace, friendly; abstractly, includes the ideas of welfare and prosperity – not in excessive wealth, but in having enough); {from shalam (to be complete or sound; to have safety mentally, physically, or extending to one’s estate; so, if these things are safe and complete, the implication is that one would be friendly; and, if being friendly, one would make amends and that friendship would be reciprocated)}. This is Absalom or Abishalom, which means “my father is peace” or “father of peace” or “friendly.”
^VI “beautiful” = yapheh. From yaphah (to be beautiful, decorate; root means being bright, which implies being beautiful). This is beautiful in a literal or figurative sense – appropriate, handsome, godly, pleasant.
^VII “sister” = achot. From the same as ach (brother, kindred, another, other, like). This is sister in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean another or together.

^VIII “name” = shem. May be from sim (to put, place, set). This is name, fame, renown. A name was thought to indicate something essential about a person – something about their individuality. So, this word can also mean honor, authority, or character.
^IX “Tamar” = Tamar. From the same as tomer (palm tree, the trunk of that tree, a post); from the same as tamar (palm tree). This is Tamar, a name and a place. It means “palm tree” or “free market.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Tamar.html
^X “Amnon” = Amnon. From aman (to believe, endure, fulfill, confirm, support, be faithful, put one’s trust in, be steadfast. Figuratively, this is to be firm, steadfast, or faithful, trusting, believing, being permanent, morally solid). This is Amnon, meaning “faithful.”
^XI “fell in love” = aheb. This is to love, beloved, friend. It is to have affection for sexually or otherwise.

^XII “was so tormented” = yatsar. 10x in OT. From the same as tsarar (to bind, restrict, narrow, be cramped, an adversary). This is to be narrow, pressed on. In a figurative sense, it can refer to being vexed or in distress.
^XIII “made…ill” = chalah. Properly, this is to be worn; hence, being weak, sick, or afflicted. It can also mean to grieve or, positively, to flatter or entreat.
^XIV “because” = abur. From abar (to pass over, pass through, or pass by; cross over or to alienate; used for transitions). This is for, so that, on account of. Properly, it means crossed.

^XV “virgin” = betulah. This is virgin, maiden, or bride. Can also be used figuratively for a place.
^XVI “seemed impossible” = pala + ayin. Pala is from pele (wonder, miracle, wonderful, marvelous thing). This is to be extraordinary, to arise, to be great or accomplish. Ayin is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).
^XVII “do” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^XVIII “anything” = meumah. From the same as mum (defect – an ethical one or a literal bodily one). Its root may mean to stain. This can mean a speck or fault. More broadly, it can also refer to anything or nothing.

^XIX “friend” = rea. From raah (to associate with). This is the same as neighbor in Leviticus 19:18 “love your neighbor as yourself.” This is friend, companion, fellow, neighbor. It is someone with whom you associate, whether more or less close.
^XX “Jonadab” = Yonadab. Related to {untranslated} in v1. 7x in OT – 4x in 2 Samuel & 3x in Jeremiah 35. From the same as Yehonadab (Jonadab, meaning “the Lord is noble” or “the Lord largessed”); {from YHVH (the name of the God of Israel, the self-existent and eternal one, the tetragrammaton; pronunciation has been lost to time so “Lord” is generally used in its place); {from havah (to be, become) or hayah (see note I above)} + nadab (to offer voluntarily, incite, impel; to volunteer to be a soldier or offer freely)} or {from hayah (see note I above) + nadab (see above)}. This is Jonadab, meaning “the Lord is bounteous” or “the Lord gave spontaneously” or “the Lord is noble” or “the Lord is liberal” or “the Lord has impelled.”See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Jonadab.html
^XXI “brother” = ach. Related to “sister” in v1. See note VII above.
^XXII “Shimeah” = Shimah. 2x in OT. From shema (something that is heart like a report, speech, fame, rumor, or fame); from shama (hear, call, consent, or consider; implies listening intelligently, giving attention; obedience and action are often implied). This is Shimeah, meaning “annunciation” or “he has heard” or “hearing” or “rumor.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Shimea.html

^XXIII “very” = meod. Perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^XXIV “crafty” = chakam. From chakam (to be wise or teach wisdom; this is wisdom in thought, word, or action). This is wise, skillful, cunning, or artful.
^XXV “man” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.

^XXVI “said” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^XXVII “king” = melek. From malak (to be or become king or queen, to rise to the throne, to be crowned; by implication, to take counsel). This is king or royal.
^XXVIII “why” = maddua. From mah (what, how long) + yada (to know, be aware, see and so understand – includes observation, care, recognition; can also be used as a euphemism). This is why or how.
^XXIX “so” = kakah. From koh (like this, thus, here, now) + ki (that, for when, certainly) + hu (he, she, it). This is even so, like this, thus.

^XXX “haggard” = dal. From dalal (to be low, hang, fade, be emptied, become poor, be oppressed). This is lean, weak, needy, poor. Properly, it is one who is dangling.
^XXXI “morning” = boqer. From baqar (to seek, plow, break forth, admire, care for). This refers to the break of day. So it is dawn, early, morning, or morrow.
^XXXII “tell” = nagad. This is to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain.
^XXXIII “love” = aheb. Same as “fell in love” in v1. See note XI above.

^XXXIV “Jonadab” = Yehonadab. Related to {untranslated} in v1 & “Jonadab” in v3 and to “Jonadab” in v3. 8x in OT. See note XX above.
^XXXV “lie down” = shakab. This is to lie down, lodge. It is lying for sleep, sex, or other reasons.
^XXXVI “bed” = mishkab. Related to “lie down” in v5. From shakab (see note XXXV above). This is a place where one lies down i.e. a bed, couch, or bedchamber. It can also be used in an abstract sense to refer to sleep or euphemistically for sex.
^XXXVII “pretend to be ill” = chalah. Same as “made…ill” in v2. See note XIII above.

^XXXVIII “father” = ab. Related to “Absalom” in v1. See note V above.
^XXXIX “comes” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^XL “see” = raah. This is to see in a literal or figurative sense so stare, advise, think, view.
^XLI {untranslated} = na. This particle is used for requests or for urging. It can be we pray, now, I ask you, oh. This is the same “na” in “hosanna.”
^XLII “give” = barah. 6x in OT. This is to eat, choose, make clear.

^XLIII “something to eat” = lechem. From lacham (to eat, feed on). This is bread, food, loaf. It can refer to food more generally for people or for animals.
^XLIV “prepare” = asah. Same as “do” in v2. See note XVII above.
^XLV “food” = biryah. Related to “give” in v5. 3x in OT – all in this chapter. From barah (see note XLII above). This is food or meat.
^XLVI “sight” = ayin. Same as “seemed impossible” in v2. See note XVI above.

^XLVII “so that” = maan. From anah (to answer, respond, announce, sing, shout, or testify; to pay attention, which implies responding and, by extension, starting to talk; singing, shouting, testifying, etc.). This is because of, occurring because of a motive or purpose.
^XLVIII “eat” = akal. This is to eat, devour, burn up, or otherwise consume. It can be eating in a literal or figurative sense.
^XLIX “hand” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.

^L “please” = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.
^LI “make” = labab. 5x in OT. This is to encourage. Properly, it is to be encased as with fat. Used in a good sense, this means to transport someone with love. Used in a bad sense, it can mean to dull one’s senses.
^LII “couple” = shenayim. From sheni (double, again, another, second); from shanah (to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise). This is two, both, second, couple.
^LIII “cakes” = labibah. Related to “make” in v6. 3x in OT – all in this chapter. From the same as lebab (the heart, courage, one’s inner self, the mind, or the will); may be related to labab (see note LI above). This is a cake, which might be fried or turned.
^LIV “eat” = barah. Same as “give” in v5. See note XLII above.

^LV “sent” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^LVI “home” = bayit. Related to “son” in v1. Probably from banah (see note IV above). This is house, court, family, palace, temple.
^LVII “go” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.
^LVIII {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.

^LIX “took” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^LX “dough” = batseq. 5x in OT. Perhaps from batseq (to swell, blister). This is dough or flour.
^LXI “kneaded” = lush. 5x in OT. This is to knead.
^LXII “made cakes” = labab. Same as “make” in v6. See note LI above.
^LXIII “baked” = bashal. This is to boil up, roast, or bake. It can also mean ripen, produce, or seethe.
^LXIV “cakes” = labibah. Same as “cakes” in v6. See note LIII above.

^LXV “pan” = marseth. 1x in OT. Root could be to pierce or hollow. This is likely a pan or dish.
^LXVI “set” = yatsaq. This is to pour out, flow, wash away, or overflow. It can imply melting as one does to cast metal. By extension, it can refer to something being steadfast, stiffened, firmly in place.
^LXVII “before” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.
^LXVIII “refused” = maen. This is to refuse entirely.
^LXIX “eat” = akal. Same as “eat” in v5. See note XLVIII above.

^LXX “send out” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^LXXI “everyone” = kol + ish. Kol is from kalal (to complete). This is all or every. Ish is perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.
^LXXII “went out” = yatsa. Same as “send out” in v9. See note LXX above.

^LXXIII “bring” = bo. Same as “comes” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
^LXXIV “chamber” = cheder. From chadar (to surround or enclose; a room as enclosed; also, by analogy, besieging). This is a chamber or room that is private. Can mean the innermost chamber of a house.
^LXXV “eat” = barah. Same as “give” in v5. See note XLII above.
^LXXVI “cakes” = labibah. Same as “cakes” in v6. See note LIII above.
^LXXVII “made” = asah. Same as “do” in v2. See note XVII above.

^LXXVIII “brought” = nagash. This is to draw, bring, or come near. It is approaching for any reason – as an attack on an enemy, in order to worship, to make an argument. It can also be used as a euphemism for sex.
^LXXIX “eat” = akal. Same as “eat” in v5. See note XLVIII above.
^LXXX “took hold” = chazaq. This is to strengthen, seize, be courageous, repair, bind, heal, conquer, harden.

^LXXXI “answered” = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^LXXXII “force” = anah. This is to be occupied with. It can also be bowed down. It can refer to a sense of humility or to a sense of being browbeaten, oppressed, afflicted, or depressed. This can be literal or figurative – depressed in mood or circumstance.
^LXXXIII “such a thing” = ken. Same as “some time passed” in v1. See note II above.
^LXXXIV “Israel” = Yisrael. From sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^LXXXV “vile” = nebalah. 13x in OT. From nabal (to be foolish, senseless, fall away, faint, wither, to be wicked, disgrace). This is foolishness, disgrace, folly, outrage, villainy, a crime or punishment. Used frequently of sexual sin, but not always.

^LXXXVI “carry” = halak. Same as “go” in v7. See note LVII above.
^LXXXVII “shame” = cherpah. From charaph (to expose and so figuratively to reproach, defame, carp at, defy). This is reproach, rebuke, shame, or disgrace. It can also refer to genitals.
^LXXXVIII “be” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^LXXXIX “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^XC “scoundrels” = nabal. Related to “vile” in v12. 18x in OT. From nabal (see note LXXXV above). This is foolish or a fool. It can also mean impious. Nabal, taken from this root, was the name of Abigail’s first husband in 1 Samuel 25.

^XCI “now therefore” = attah. Perhaps from et (a period or season; whenever or continually); probably from anah (see note XLVII above); from ad (forever, all, old); from adah (to pass on, advance, decorate oneself). This is now, from now on.
^XCII “beg” = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.
^XCIII “speak” = dabar. This is generally to speak, answer, declare, or command. It might mean to arrange and so to speak in a figurative sense as arranging words.
^XCIV “withhold” = mana. This is to hold back, refuse, restrain, deny. It could be in a positive or in a negative sense.

^XCV “would” = abah. This is to breathe after, be willing, obey, accept, be content with, satisfy.
^XCVI “listen” = shama. Related to “Shimeah” in v3. See note XXII above.
^XCVII “her” = qol. Literally, “her voice.” This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.
^XCVIII “being stronger” = chazaq. Same as “took hold” in v11. See note LXXX above.

^XCIX “great” = gadol. From gadal (to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing). This is great, high, bigger, noble, old, marvelous. It can also refer to someone who is powerful or distinguished.
^C “seized with a…loathing” = sane…sinah. Sane is to hate, an enemy. It is a personal hatred and not an abstract one. Sinah is related to “seized with a…loathing” in v15. 16x in OT. From sane (see above). This is hatred or hate.
^CI “loathing” = sinah…sane. Sine is the same as “seized with a…loathing” in v15. See note C above. Sane is the same as “seized with a…loathing” in v15. See note C above.

^CII “greater” = gadol. Same as “great” in v15. See note XCIX above.
^CIII “lust” = ahabah. Related to “fell in love” in v1. From ahab (love or affection); from aheb (see note XI above). This is love as a noun.
^CIV “felt” = aheb. Same as “fell in love” in v1. See note XI above.
^CV “get out” = qum + halak. Qum is to arise, stand, accomplish, establish, abide. This is rising as in rising against, getting up after being sick or asleep, arising from one state to another, becoming powerful, or rising for action. It can also be standing in a figurative sense. Halak is the same as “go” in v7. See note LVII above.

^CVI “for” = odoth. Related to “very” in v3. From the same as uwd (see note XXIII above). This is turning, occasion, cause, concerning.
^CVII “wrong” = ra’. From ra’a’ (to be evil, bad, afflict; properly, to spoil – to destroy by breaking into pieces; figuratively, to cause something to be worthless; this is bad in a physical, social, or moral sense; that which displeases, to do harm or mischief, to punish or vex). This is bad, disagreeable, that which causes pain, misery, something having little or no value, something that is ethically bad, wicked, injury, calamity. This refers to anything that is not what it ought to be – a natural disaster, a disfigurement, an injury, a sin.
^CVIII “sending…away” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v7. See note LV above.
^CIX “other” = acher. Related to “some time passed” in v1. From achar (see note II above). This is following, next, strange, other.

^CX “called” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^CXI “young man” = naar. May be from na’ar (to shake, toss up and down, tumble around). This is a child or a servant. It is a child in their active years so they could be aged anywhere from infancy to adolescence.
^CXII “served” = sharat. This is ministering, serving, or waiting on. It can refer to one offering service as a worshipper or one serving as a servant.
^CXIII “put” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v7. See note LV above.
^CXIV {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.

^CXV “out of…presence” = chuts. Root may mean to sever. So, this is something that is separated by a wall – the outside, the street, a field, highway, or abroad.
^CXVI “bolt” = na’al. 8x in OT. This is properly to secure with a bar or cord. It is to lock, bolt, enclose, or to secure with a cord i.e. to put on a sandal.
^CXVII “door” = delet. From dalah (to draw, lift up; properly, to dangle; draw water; figuratively, to deliver). This is something that swings like a door, gate, leaf, lid, or other opening.
^CXVIII “after” = achar. Same as “some time passed” in v1. See note II above.

^CXIX “wearing” = al. Literally, “upon.”
^CXX “ornamented” = pas. 5x in OT– of Joseph’s coat and of Tamar’s robe in 2 Samuel 13:18-19. Perhaps from pasas (to disappear, disperse); from pas (palm of the hand). This is the palm of the hand or flat of the foot. It can be used to describe a robe that is long that has sleeves or maybe an especially wide one. Sometimes this has been translated as having many colors.
^CXXI “robe” = kethoneth. Root may mean to cover. This is a tunic, coat, or other kind of garment.

^CXXII “this” = ken. Same as “some time passed” in v1. See note II above.
^CXXIII “daughters” = bat. Related to “son” in v1 & “home” in v7. From ben (see note IV above). This is daughter in a literal or figurative sense.
^CXXIV “were clothed” = labash…meil. Labash is to wrap around, which implies clothing oneself or someone else. This is wrapping around in a literal or figurative way. Meil is from maal (to cover up; figuratively, to act in a covert or treacherous way, to be unfaithful or transgress). This is a robe, mantle, or cloak – an outer garment.

^CXXV “servant” = sharat. Same as “served” in v17. See note CXII above.
^CXXVI “put” = yatsa. Same as “send out” in v9. See note LXX above.
^CXXVII “out” = chuts. Same as “out of…presence” in v17. See note CXV above.
^CXXVIII “put” = laqach. Same as “took” in v8. See note LIX above.
^CXXIX “ashes” = epher. Root may mean to strew. This is ashes or dust.
^CXXX “head” = rosh. This may come a word that means to shake. It is the head, captain, or chief. It can also be excellent or the forefront. It can be first in position or in statue or in time (i.e. the beginning).

^CXXXI “tore” = qara. This is to tear or cut out in a literal or figurative sense. It can also be to revile or to apply eye make up – as though they are made to look larger.
^CXXXII “long” = pas. Same as “ornamented” in v18. See note CXX above.
^CXXXIII “put” = sim. Related to “name” in v1. See note VIII above.
^CXXXIV “went away” = halak + halak. Same as “go” in v7. See note LVII above. The word is repeated twice – the second time as an Infinitive Absolute. The Infinitive Absolute serves to emphasize the sentiment of the word. It is rather like Foghorn Leghorn’s speech pattern, “I said, I said.”
^CXXXV “crying aloud” = zaaq. This is to cry or call out. It can be a call to assemble or gather together. By analogy, this could refer to a herald who announces a public gathering. It could also be a shriek from pain or danger.

^CXXXVI “be quiet” = charash. This is to scratch, which implies etching or plowing. It can mean to manufacture regardless of materials used. Figuratively, it can be to devise or conceal. It can also have a sense of secrecy. Hence, being silent or left alone. It can also be speechless.
^CXXXVII “take” = shith. This is to place, set, bring, appoint, consider, bring, array or look.
^CXXXVIII “heart” = leb. Related to “make” and “cakes” in v6. From the same as lebab (see note LIII above). This is inner self, mind, will, feelings, the center.
^CXXXIX {untranslated} = dabar. Related to “speak” in v13. From dabar (see note XCIII above). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.

^CXL “remained” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.
^CXLI “desolate” = shamem. 6x in OT. From shamem (to stun or become numb; to devastate, be appalled; astonished). This is to be desolate, ruined, or appalled.
^CXLII “heard” = shama. Same as “listen” in v14. See note XCVI above.
^CXLIII “all” = kol. Same as “everyone” in v9. See note LXXI above.
^CXLIV “things” = dabar. Same as {untranslated} in v20. See note CXXXIX above.
^CXLV “became…angry” = charah. Perhaps related to charar (to be hot, burn, glow, melt, be scorched; figuratively, to incite passion, be angry). This is to be displeased, burn with anger, glow, become warn. Figuratively it is a blaze of anger, zeal, or jealousy.

^CXLVI “good” = tob. From tob (to be pleasing, to be good). This is good, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable, bountiful, at ease. This word is used for goodness as a concept, a good thing, a good person. This can refer to prosperity and welfare as well as joy, kindness, sweetness, and graciousness. So, this is ethically good, but also enjoyably good.
^CXLVII “bad” = ra’. Same as “wrong” in v16. See note CVII above.
^CXLVIII “hated” = sane. Same as “sized with a…loathing” in v15. See note C above.
^CXLIX {untranslated} = dabar. Same as {untranslated} in v20. See note CXXXIX above.
^CL “raped” = anah. Same as “forced” in v12. See note LXXXII above.

^CLI {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLII “full” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^CLIII “years” = shanah. From shana (to change, alter). This is a year, age, old. It can also mean yearly.
^CLIV “had” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLV “sheepshearers” = gazaz. 15x in OT. This is to cut off, shave, shear sheep. figuratively, it can mean to conquer an enemy.

^CLVI “Baal-hazor” = Baal Chatsor. 1x in OT. From baal (owner, master, husband); {from baal (to marry, have dominion over, to master)} + chatser (enclosure or court – a yard that is fenced in; a village or hamlet that is walled in); {from chatsar (to blow a trumpet, trumpeter, to surround); from chatsotsrah (trumpet)}. This is Baal Hazor, meaning “possessor of a village” or “possessor of a court” or “lord of a village.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Baal-hazor.html
^CLVII “Ephraim” = Ephrayim. Related to “ashes” in v19. From the same as epher (e note CXXIX above). This is Ephraim, one of Joseph’s sons, his descendants, and their land.
^CLVIII “invited” = qara. Same as “called” in v17. See note CX above.

^CLIX {untranslated} = hinneh. From hen (lo! Behold! If, though; an expression of surprise). This is to draw attention, show suddenness or surprise, or to emphasize the importance of the coming statement. See! Lo! Behold!
^CLX {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.
^CLXI “servant” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.
^CLXII “servants” = ebed. Same as “servant” in v24. See note CLXI above.
^CLXIII “servant” = ebed. Same as “servant” in v24. See note CLXI above.

^CLXIV {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.
^CLXV “be burdensome” = kabad. To be heavy, weighty, or severe. It can also be positive abounding in, rich, or honorable. The Hebrew word for “glory,” kabod, is taken from this root.
^CLXVI “pressed” = parats. This is to make a breach, burst out, compel, disperse. It is to break out literally or figuratively.
^CLXVII “gave…blessing” = barak. This is to kneel, to bless. It is blessing God as part of worship and adoration or blessing humans to help them. It can be used as a euphemism to say curse God.

^CLXVIII “let…go” = shalach. Same as “sent” in v7. See note LV above.
^CLXIX “commanded” = tsavah. This is to charge, command, order, appoint, or enjoin. This is the root that the Hebrew word for “commandment” comes from (mitsvah).
^CLXX “servants” = naar. Same as “young man” in v17. See note CXI above.
^CLXXI {untranslated} = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CLXXII “watch” = raah. Same as “see” in v5. See note XL above.
^CLXXIII {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v5. See note XLI above.

^CLXXIV “is merry” = tob. Same as “good” in v22. See note CXLVI above.
^CLXXV “wine” = yayin. Root may mean to effervesce, referring to the fermentation process. This is wine, grape, or banquet. It can imply intoxication.
^CLXXVI “strike” = nakah. This is to hit whether lightly or severely. It can be used in a literal or figurative sense. So, this could be beat, punish, give wounds, kill, or slaughter.
^CLXXVII “kill” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.

^CLXXVIII “be afraid” = yare. This is to fear, be afraid, dreadful. It can also refer to fearful reverence – to fear in a moral sense is to say to revere, respect.
^CLXXIX “be courageous” = chazaq. Same as “took hold” in v11. See note LXXX above.
^CLXXX {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLXXXI “valiant” = ben + chayil. Ben is the same as “son” in v1. See note IV above. Chayil is from chul (to be firm, strong, prosperous; to endure). This is strength, wealth, ability, activity. It can refer to soldier or a company of soldiers as well as goods. It is a force of people, means, or goods. It can speak of valor, virtue, or strength.

^CLXXXII “servants” = naar. Same as “young man” in v17. See note CXI above.
^CLXXXIII “rose” = qum. Same as “get out” in v15. See note CV above.
^CLXXXIV “each” = ish. Same as “man” in v3. See note XXV above.
^CLXXXV “mounted” = rakab. This is to ride an animal or in some vehicle. It can also mean bringing on a horse.
^CLXXXVI “mule” = pered. 14x in OT. Perhaps from parad (to divide, break through, scatter, sever, stretch, to spread oneself, or to be out of joint). This is a mule – perhaps as a lonely creature.
^CLXXXVII “fled” = nus. This is to flee, vanish away, hide, escape, be displayed.

^CLXXXVIII {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CLXXXIX “way” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.
^CXC “report” = shemuah. Related to “Shimeah” in v3 & “listen” in v14. From shama (see note XXII above). This is something heard – news, a rumor, fame, announcement.
^CXCI {untranslated} = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CXCII “killed” = nakah. Same as “strike” in v28. See note CLXXVI above.
^CXCIII “was left” = yathar. This is to jut over, remain behind, preserve, to excel. It can be to leave or to be in abundance.

^CXCIV “garments” = beged. From bagad (to cover or conceal; figuratively, to act in a covert or treacherous way, to transgress or pillage). This is clothing, garment, robe, or some other kind of clothing. Figuratively, it can be treachery or pillaging.
^CXCV “ground” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^CXCVI “servants” = ebed. Same as “servant” in v24. See note CLXI above.
^CXCVII “standing by” = natsab. This is to station, appoint, establish, take a stand.

^CXCVIII “said” = anah. Related to “so that” in v5. See note XLVII above.
^CXCIX {untranslated} = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CC “lord” = adon. From a root that means ruling or being sovereign. This is lord, master, or owner.
^CCI “suppose” = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CCII “killed” = mut. Same as “kill” in v28. See note CLXXVII above.

^CCIII “alone” = bad. From badad (to divide or be separated; alone, solitary, lonely, isolated, straggler). This is apart, alone, separation, body part, tree branch, except. It can also be a city’s chief.
^CCIV “is dead” = mut. Same as “kill” in v28. See note CLXXVII above.
^CCV “determined” = sim. Same as “put” in v19. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCVI {untranslated} = peh. This is mouth in a literal or figurative sense. So, more literally, it can be beak or jaws. More figuratively, it refers to speech, commands, or promises.
^CCVII “day” = yom. Same as “full” in v23. See note CLII above.

^CCVIII “take” = sim. Same as “put” in v19. See note CXXXIII above.
^CCIX “it” = dabar. Same as {untranslated} in v20. See note CXXXIX above.
^CCX {untranslated} = amar. Same as “said” in v4. See note XXVI above.
^CCXI “fled” = barach. This is to flee, drive away, hurry, to bolt.
^CCXII “looked up” = nasa…ayin. Literally, “lifted…his eyes.” Nasa is to lift in a broad sense, literally and figuratively. So it could be to carry, take, or arise. It could also be bring forth, advance, accept. Ayin is the same as “seemed impossible” in v2. See note XVI above.

^CCXIII {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v24. See note CLIX above.
^CCXIV “many” = rab. From rabab (increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc.). This is abundance, many, elder, exceedingly, great. It refers to abundance of amount, rank, or status.
^CCXV “people” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.

^CCXVI “coming” = halak. Same as “go” in v7. See note LVII above.
^CCXVII “Horonaim” = achar. Same as “some time passed” in v1. See note II above.
^CCXVIII “road” = derek. Same as “way” in v30. See note CLXXXIX above.
^CCXIX “side” = tsad. Root may mean to sidle. This is a side or an arm. It can also be used to mean beside or, figuratively, an adversary.
^CCXX “mountain” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.

^CCXXI “see” = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v24. See note CLIX above.
^CCXXII “servant” = ebed. Same as “servant” in v24. See note CLXI above.
^CCXXIII “said” = dabar. Same as {untranslated} in v20. See note CXXXIX above.
^CCXXIV “so” = ken. Same as “some time passed” in v1. See note II above.
^CCXXV “has come about” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.

^CCXXVI {untranslated} = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CCXXVII “finished” = kalah. This is to end, be finished, complete, prepare, consume, spent, or completely destroyed.
^CCXXVIII {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as {untranslated} in v24. See note CLIX above.
^CCXXIX “arrived” = bo. Same as “comes” in v5. See note XXXIX above.
^CCXXX “raised” = nasa. Same as “looked up” in v34. See note CCXII above.
^CCXXXI “voices” = qol. Same as “her” in v14. See note XCVII above.
^CCXXXII “wept” = bakah. This is to weep, complain, or lament.

^CCXXXIII “servants” = ebed. Same as “servant” in v24. See note CLXI above.
^CCXXXIV “also” = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^CCXXXV “wept” = bakah + beki. Bakah is the same as “wept” in v36. See note CCXXXII above. Beki is related to “wept” in v36. From bakah (see note CCXXXII above). This is ongoing weeping, overflowing. By analogy, this can also mean dripping.
^CCXXXVI “bitterly” = gadol. Same as “great” in v15. See note XCIX above.

^CCXXXVII “fled” = barach. Same as “fled” in v34. See note CCXI above.
^CCXXXVIII “Talmai” = Talmay. 6x in OT. From the same as telem (furrow or ridge; root may mean to accumulate). This is Talmai or Talmay, meaning “plowman” or “ridged.”
^CCXXXIX “Ammihud” = Ammichur. Related to “people” in v34. 1x in OT. From am (see note CCXV above) + chur (white things, white, white linen); {from chavar (to be or become white or pale; to join, unite)} OR from Ammihud (Ammihud, meaning “people of splendor” or “my kinsman is majesty”); {from am (see above) + hod (grandeur, beauty, glory, honor, or authority; emphasizes a form or appearance with gravitas)}. This is Ammihud or Ammichur, meaning “people of nobility.”

^CCXL “Geshur” = Geshur. 9x in OT. May come from a word that means to join. This is Geshur, a district whose name means “bridge.” It can also be someone from Geshur.
^CCXLI “mourned” = abal. This is to mourn, bewail.
^CCXLII “day after day” = kol + yom. Literally, “all the days.” Kol is the same as “everyone” in v9. See note LXXI above. Yom is the same as “full” in v23. See note CLII above.
^CCXLIII “fled” = barach. Same as “fled” in v34. See note CCXI above.
^CCXLIV {untranslated} = halak. Same as “go” in v7. See note LVII above.

^CCXLV “stayed” = hayah. Same as {untranslated} in v1. See note I above.
^CCXLVI “three” = shalosh. This is three, fork, three times.
^CCXLVII “yearning” = kalah. Same as “finished” in v36. See note CCXXVII above.
^CCXLVIII “consoled” = nacham. Properly, this is a strong breath or a sigh. This can be to be sorry, to pity, console. Comfort, or repent. But, one can also comfort oneself with less righteous thoughts, so this can also mean to avenge oneself.
^CCXLIX “death” = mut. Same as “kill” in v28. See note CLXXVII above.