1 Corinthians 15:51-58

^A “look” = idou. From eido (to be aware, see, know, remember, appreciate). This is see! Lo! Behold! Look! Used to express surprise and or draw attention to the statement.
^B “tell” = lego. This is to speak, say, name, call, command. It is generally to convey verbally.
^C “mystery” = musterion. From mustes (an initiate); from mueo (to initiate someone into the secrets or mysteries of an order; to instruct learn, be disciples; properly, shutting your mouth and eyes to experience mystery); from muo (shutting eyes or mouth). This is a mystery or a secret doctrine that requires initiation to learn. In the New Testament, the plans of God were hidden until they were revealed in Christ through the Gospel. It is also used of Christian revelation in a broad sense rather than referring to something that cannot be known. This is the root of the word “mystery.”

^D “all” = pas. This is all or every.
^E “die” = koimao. 18x in NT. From keimai (to lie, recline, set, be appointed, be destined). This is to sleep or put to sleep. Figuratively, it can mean to die. In the New Testament, it is used 15x for death and 3x for sleep.
^F “be changed” = allasso. 6x in NT. From allos (other, another; another of a similar kind or type). This is to change, transform, or exchange.

^G “moment” = atomos. 1x in NT. From a (not, without) + tomos (sharp or keener); {from temno (to cut with a as with a single slice)}. This is uncut or indivisible. It’s where the word “atom” comes from.
^H “twinkling” = rhipe. 1x in NT. From rhipto (to cast, toss fling, or disperse; a quick toss); perhaps related to rhapizo (to hit with a rod or to slap); from a derivation of rhabdos (staff, rod, cudgel; a staff that denotes power, royalty, or authority); from rhepo (to let fall, to rap). This is quick motion, a glance, a tinkling, a rush of a breeze, a moment.
^I “eye” = ophthalmos. From optanomai (to appear, be seen by); from horao (become, seem, appear). This is eye or sight. It is used figuratively for the mind’s eye, a vision, or for envy.

^J “last” = eschatos. Related to eschaton (end, last); perhaps from echo (to have, possess, hold). This is last, end, extreme, final. It is often used to discuss the end times, prophecies of the future, and the afterlife. The branch of theology focusing on all these topics is called “eschatology.”
^K “trumpet” = salpigx. 11x in NT. Perhaps from salpizo (to play a trumpet, to sound a trumpet blast literally or figuratively); perhaps from salos (tossing like the waves of the sea; agitation, vibration); perhaps from saino (wag the tail, flatter, beguile, move, shake; figuratively, to disturb); related to seio (to shake, vibrate; figuratively to agitate or show fear). This is a trumpet, bugle, or the sound that a trumpet makes.
^L “trumpet will sound” = salpizo. Related to “trumpet” in v52. 12x in NT. See note K above.

^M “dead” = nekros. Perhaps from nekus (corpse). This is dead or lifeless, mortal, corpse. It can also be used figuratively for powerless or ineffective. It is where the word “necrotic” comes from.
^N “raised” = egeiro. This is to awake, raise up or lift up. It can be to get up from sitting or lying down, to get up from sleeping, to rise from a disease or from death. Figuratively, it can be rising from inactivity or from ruins.
^O “imperishable” = aphthartos. 8x in NT. From a (not, without) + phtheiro (to destroy, corrupt, ruin, deteriorate, wither; also used of moral corruption); from phthio (perish, waste away). This is imperishable, undecaying, immortal, incorruptible.

^P “perishable” = phthartos. Related to “imperishable” in v52. 6x in NT. From phtheiro (see note O above). This is perishable or corruptible – what disintegrates.
^Q “must” = dei. From deo (to tie, bind, compel; declare unlawful). This is what is necessary or proper. It is what is needed or what one should do – a duty or something inevitable. This refers to something absolutely necessary.
^R “put on” = enduo. From en (in, on, at, by, with, among) + duno (to sink into, set like the sun); {from duo (to go down, sink, or set)}. This is to put on as when one puts on clothes. It is the idea of sinking into one’s clothing.

^S “imperishability” = aphtharsia. Related to “imperishable” in v52 & “perishable” in v53. 8x in NT. From aphthartos (see note O above). This is incorruptibility – not able to decay. So, it is used for immortality. Figuratively, it can also mean genuineness.
^T “mortal” = thnetos. 6x in NT– all in Romans and 1 + 2 Corinthians. From thnesko (to die, be dead). This is moral – able to die.
^U “immortality” = athanasia. Related to “mortal” in v53. 3x in NT. From a (not, without) + thanatos (death, whether literal or spiritual; also something fatal); {from thnesko (see note T above)}. This is immortality or imperishability.

^V “saying” = logos. Related to “tell” in v51. From lego (see note B above). This is word, statement, speech, analogy. It is a word that carries an idea or expresses a thought, a saying. It could refer to a person with a message or reasoning laid out in words. By implication, this could be a topic, line of reasoning, or a motive. It can be used for a divine utterance or as Word – Christ.
^W “written” = grapho. This is to write or describe. It is where the word “graphic” comes from.
^X “be fulfilled” = ginomai. This is to come into being, to happen, become, be born. It can be to emerge from one state or condition to another or is coming into being with the sense of movement or growth.

^Y “death” = thanatos. Related to “mortal” and “immortality” in v53. See note U above.
^Z “swallowed up” = katapino. 7x in NT. From kata (down, against, throughout, among) + pino (to drink literally or figuratively). This is literally to drink down – to gulp something down whole, devour, destroy, consume, or overwhelm. It is to drink down in a literal or figurative sense.
^AA “victory” = nikos. 4x in NT. From nike (victory, conquest; figurative for what makes one successful). This is victory, triumph – especially a conquest.
^BB “sting” = kentron. 5x in NT. From kenteo (to prick). This is a sting or sharp point. Figuratively, it could be poison or death.

^CC “sin” = hamartia. From hamartano (to miss the mark, do wrong, make a mistake, sin); {from a (not) + meros (a part or share)}. Literally, this means not having one’s share or portion – like not receiving inheritance or what was allotted to you. This word means missing the mark so it is used for guilt, fault, and acts of sin.
^DD “power” = dunamis. From dunamai (to be able, have power or ability). This is might, strength, physical power, efficacy, energy, and miraculous power. It is force literally or figuratively – the power of a miracle or the miracle itself.
^EE “law” = nomos. From nemo (to parcel out). Literally, this is that which is assigned. It can be usage, custom, or law. This word can be used for human or divine law. It can be used specifically for the law of Moses or as a name for the Torah (the first five books of the Bible). Sometimes it is used for scripture as a whole, used of the Gospel, or of any theology. It is also used for the “tradition of the elders,” which would be the oral Torah – the tradition of the laws plus their interpretations as they were passed down over time. We must carefully consider which meaning of “law” is meant when we interpret passages the word is found in.

^FF “thanks” = charis. From chairo (to rejoice, be glad; used to say hello; properly, delighting in the grace of God or experiencing God’s favor); from char– (to extend favor, lean towards, be inclined to be favorable towards). This is grace, kindness, favor, gratitude, thanks. It is the sense of being inclined to or favorable towards – leaning towards someone to share some good or benefit. This can be literal, figurative, or spiritual. It is grace as abstract concept, manner, or action.
^GG “God” = Theos. From Proto-Indo-European origins, meaning do, put, place. This is God or a god in general.
^HH “gives” = didomi. To give, offer, place, bestow, deliver. This is give in a literal or figurative sense.

^II “Lord” = Kurios. From kuros (authority, supremacy). This is a respectful address meaning master or sir. It refers to one who has control or power greater than one’s own. So, it was also applied to God and Jesus as Master or Lord.
^JJ “Jesus” = Iesous. From Hebrew Yehoshua (Joshua, the Lord is salvation); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; the self-existent and eternal one); {from havah (to become) or from hayah (to come to pass, become, be)} + yasha (to deliver, defend, help, preserve, rescue; properly, to be open, wide or free, which implies being safe. So, in a causative sense, this is to free someone)}. This is Jesus or Joshua in Greek – the Lord saves or the Lord is salvation.
^KK “Christ” = Christos. From chrio (consecrate by anointing with oil; often done for prophets, priests, or kings). Literally, the anointed one, Christ. The Greek word for Messiah.

^LL “beloved” = agapetos. From agape (love, goodwill, benevolence; God’s divine love); from agapao (to love, take pleasure in, esteem; to prefer). This is Beloved or very dear one. It is a title for the Messiah, but also for Christians. Properly, this is one who personally experiences God’s love.
^MM “brothers” = adelphos. From a (with, community, fellowship) + delphus (womb). This is a brother in a literal or figurative sense. It is also used of another member of the Church.
^NN “be” = ginomai. Same as “be fulfilled” in v54. See note X above.
^OO “steadfast” = hedraios. 3x in NT. From hedra (seat) OR from hezomai (to sit). This is literally sitting securely. Figuratively, it is steadfast, morally firm, settled.

^PP “immovable” = ametakinetos. 1x in NT. From a (not, without) + metakineo (to remove, dislodge, move away); {from meta (with, among, after, beyond) + kineo (to move, excite, or provoke; to stir in a literal or figurative sense); {from kio (to go)}}. This is firm or immovable. It is something that does not move or change.
^QQ “always” = pantote. Related to “all” in v51. From pas (see note D above) + tote (then, whether past or future); {from hote (when); from ho (the)}. This is literally every when. It is always, at all times.
^RR “excelling” = perisseuo. From perissos (abundant, more, excessive, advantage, vehemently); from peri (all-around, encompassing, excess). This is more than what is ordinary or necessary. It is abounding, overflowing, being leftover, going above and beyond. It is super-abounding in number or quality.
^SS “work” = ergon. From ergo (to work, accomplish, do). This is work, task, deed, labor, effort.

^TT “know” = eido. Related to “look” in v51. See note A above.
^UU “labor” = kopos. 18x in NT. From kopto (to cut, strike, cut off; beating the chest to lament and so to mourn). This is trouble, toil, or labor. This is working to the point of exhaustion or weariness. At base, this refers to a blow that lands so swiftly that one is seriously weakened. Figuratively, this is being greatly tired or working to the point of being without strength.
^VV “is” = eimi. This is to be, exist.
^WW “in vain” = kenos. 18x on NT. Properly, this is something that is empty or void. Hence, it is worthless, foolish, ineffective, morally void, pretentious, unreal, or false.