1 Samuel 26

^I “Ziphites” = Ziphi. 3x in OT. From Ziph (Ziph, one of Judah’s children and the name of a city; “flowing”); from the same as zepheth (to liquify, asphalt). This is Ziphite, someone from Ziph, meaning “flowing.”
^II “came” = bo. This is to enter, come in, advance, fulfill, bring offerings, enter to worship, attack. It can also have a sexual connotation.
^III “Saul” = Shaul. From shaal (to ask, inquire, beg, borrow, desire, request; can also mean demand). This is Saul or Shaul, meaning “asked of the Lord.”
^IV “Gibeah” = Gibah. From the same as Geba (Geba or Gibeah; hillock); from the same as gabia (cup, bowl, flower; root might mean being convex). This is Gibeah, a city whose name means “hill.”

^V “saying” = amar. This is to speak, say, answer, command, promise, report.
^VI “David” = David. From the same as dod (beloved, love, uncle); the root may mean to boil, which is used figuratively to describe love. So, this implies someone you love such as a friend, a lover, or a close family member like an uncle. David’s name likely means something like “beloved one.”
^VII “is in hiding” = sathar. This is hide, conceal, or be absent. It is hiding because something is covered – used in a literal or figurative sense.

^VIII “hill” = gibah. Related to “Gibeah” in v1. From the same as Geba (see note IV above). This is hill or little hill.
^IX “Hachilah” = Chakilah. 3x in OT. Perhaps from the same as chaklili (dark, reddish, sparkling); from chakal (to be dark or reddish). This is Hachilah, which may mean “dark,” “dull,” “gloomy,” or “dusky.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Hachilah.html
^X “opposite” = paneh. From panah (to turn, face, appear). This is face in a literal or figurative sense. It could be face, presence, anger, respect. It can also be used of God to indicate divine favor or presence.
^XI “Jeshimon” = Yeshimon. 13x in OT. From yasham (to be stripped, destroyed, desolate). This is a wilderness or desert. It can also refer to a place called Jeshimon. It means “wasteland” or “wilderness.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Jeshimon.html

^XII “rose” = qum. To arise, stand, accomplish, establish, abide. This is rising as in rising against, getting up after being sick or asleep, arising from one state to another, becoming powerful, or rising for action. It can also be standing in a figurative sense.
^XIII “went down” = yarad. This is to go down, descend; going down in a literal or figurative sense. It can be going to the shore or a boundary, bringing down an enemy.
^XIV “wilderness” = midbar. From dabar (to speak, command, declare). This is mouth or speech. It can also be desert or wilderness. Additionally, it can be used for a pasture to which one drives cattle.
^XV “Ziph” = Ziph. Related to “Ziphites” in v1. 10x in OT. See note I above.

^XVI “three” = shalosh. This is three, fork, three times.
^XVII “thousand” = eleph. Perhaps from the same as eleph (herd, cattle); from alaph (to learn, speak, associate with). This is thousand.
^XVIII “chosen” = bachur. From bachar (to choose, appoint, try, excellent). This is choice, chosen, selected. It is a youth or young man.

^XIX “men” = ish. Perhaps from enosh (human, humankind, mortal); from anash (to be weak, sick, or frail). This is man, husband, another, or humankind.
^XX “Israel” = Yisrael. From sarah (to persist, exert oneself, contend, persevere, wrestle, prevail) + El (God or god). This is Israel, meaning God strives or one who strives with God; new name for Jacob and for his offspring. This refers to the people and to the land.
^XXI “seek” = baqash. This is to seek, ask, desire, or request. It can be any kind of searching. It can also mean to worship or pray – implies a striving for.

^XXII “encamped” = chanah. This is decline, bending down, or living in tents. It can be camping to create a home or camping as a part of battle.
^XXIII “road” = derek. From darak (to tread, march, to walk. Can also mean affixing a string to a box since one needs to step on it to bend it in the process; so also an archer). This is a road as a thing that is walked on. Can be used figuratively for the path that one’s life takes or how one chooses to live one’s life.
^XXIV “remained” = yashab. This is to sit and so to remain and so to dwell. It is sitting for any reason – as a judge, in order to ambush, or just sitting quietly. Causatively, this can mean settling or marrying. This can also mean continue, endure, or establish.

^XXV “learned” = raah. This is to see in a literal or figurative sense so stare, advise, think, view.
^XXVI “after” = achar. From achar (to remain behind, linger, continue, be behind, or delay; can also imply procrastination). This is after or the last part, following.
^XXVII “sent out” = shalach. This is to send out, away, send for, forsake. It can also mean to divorce or set a slave free.
^XXVIII “spies” = ragal. From regel (foot, endurance, or journey; a foot as the means of walking and so it implies a step or a greater journey; can euphemistically mean private parts). This is to walk along, spy out, slander.

^XXIX “learned” = yada. This is to know, acknowledge, advise, answer, be aware, be acquainted with. Properly, this is to figure something out by seeing. It includes ideas of observation, recognition, and care about something. It can be used causatively for instruction, designation, and punishment.
^XXX “indeed” = kun. Properly, this means in a perpendicular position. So, it is set up in a literal sense – establish, fix, fasten, prepare. In a figurative sense, it is certainty, to be firm, faithfulness, render sure or prosperous.
^XXXI “arrived” = bo. Same as “came” in v1. See note II above.

^XXXII “set out” = qum. Same as “rose” in v2. See note XII above.
^XXXIII “place” = maqom. Related to “rose” in v2. From qum (see note XXXII above). This is a standing, which is to say a spot or space a place. It can also refer to a locality or a physical/mental condition. HaMaqom is also a Jewish name for God – the place, i.e. the Omnipresent One.
^XXXIV “saw” = raah. Same as “learned” in v3. See note XXV above.
^XXXV “lay” = shakab. This is to lie down, lodge. It is lying for sleep, sex, or other reasons.

^XXXVI “Abner” = Abner. From ab (father in a literal or figurative sense – grandfather, chief, ancestor) + ner (properly, to glisten; a lamp, light, burner, candle; light literal or figurative). This is Abner, a name meaning “my father is a lamp,” “father of light,” “enlightening.”
^XXXVII “son” = ben. From banah (to build or obtain children). This is son, age, child. It is son in a literal or figurative sense.
^XXXVIII “Ner” = Ner. Related to “Abner” in v5. 16x in OT. From the same as ner (see note XXXVI above). This is Ner, which means “lamp.”

^XXXIX “commander” = sar. This is chief, leader, ruler, lord, official, governor, prince, military leader. It refers to someone at the top of a rank or class.
^XL “army” = tsaba. From tsaba (to wage war, serve, assemble, fight, perform, muster, wait on). This is a large group of persons (used figuratively for a group of things). It implies a campaign literally as with army, war, warfare, battle, company, soldiers. Can also be used figuratively for hardship or for worship.
^XLI “encampment” = magal. 16x in OT. From the same as agol (round). Older root may mean to revolve. This is a path or course. It is a track in a literal or figurative sense. Could also refer to a rampart because it is circular.

^XLII “army” = am. From amam (to darken, hide, associate; creating shadows by huddling together). This is people or nation. It can be used specifically for a tribe, collectively of troops or armies, or figuratively to refer to a flock of animals.
^XLIII “around” = sabib. From sabab (turning around, going around; to surround, cast, walk, fetch; to revolve or border in a literal or figurative sense). This is a circuit or a circle. It could refer to an environment, one’s neighbors, or a circular path round about.
^XLIV “said” = anah. This is answer, respond, announce, sing, shout, or testify. It means to pay attention, which implies responding and, by extension, starting to talk. Used in a specific sense for singing, shouting, testifying, etc.
^XLV {untranslated} = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.

^XLVI “Ahimelech” = Achimelek. 17x in OT. From ach (brother, kindred, another, other, like) + melek (king, royal). This is Ahimelech, meaning “brother of a king.” It is a name used by Israelites and Hittites.
^XLVII “Hittite” = Chitti. From cheth (Heth or Cheth; one of Canaan’s sons from whom perhaps the Hittites descend) OR from hatat (terror, lacking strength or courage); perhaps from hata (to seize; often used of coals from a fire). This is Hittite – perhaps meaning terrors or terrible. See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Hittite.html#.XyMgpp5KhPY
^XLVIII “Joab’s” = Yoab. Related to “Zeruiah” in v6 and to “Abner” in v5 & “Abishai” in v6. From YHVH (see note LI below). + ab (see note XXXVI above). This is Joab or Yoab, meaning “the Lord is father.”
^XLIX “brother” = ach. Related to “Ahimelech” in v6. See note XLVI above.

^L “Abishai” = Abishay. Related to “Abner” in v5. From ab (see note XXXVI above) + shay (a gift or present; something given as an act of homage); {from shavah (to equalize, resemble, agree with, compare, adjust, compose, place, or yield)}. This is Abishai, meaning “my father is Jesse” or “father of a gift” (perhaps meaning “generous”).
^LI “Zeruiah” = Tseruyah. From the same as tsori (root might be to crack as under pressure, to leak; gum from the balsam tree – perhaps commiphora gileadensis) + Yah (the shortened form of the name of the God of Israel; God, Lord); {from YHVH (proper name of the God of Israel; God, Lord; the self-existent or eternal one); from havah (to become) or hayah (to be, become, happen)} OR tsur (rock, stone, cliff, boulder, rocky; a refuge, God); {from tsur (to confine, cramp, or bind in a literal or figurative sense; to besiege, assault, or distress)} + Yah (see above). This is Zeruiah, meaning “wounded” or “balsam of the Lord” or “his rock is the Lord.” See https://www.abarim-publications.com/Meaning/Zeruiah.html & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsam & https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balm_of_Gilead.
^LII {untranslated} = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^LIII “camp” = machaneh. Related to “encamped” in v3. From chanah (see note XXII above). This is an encampment, whether of people traveling together or soldiers. So, it can be a camp band, or company as well as an army of soldiers. Also can be used of other groups like animals, angels or stars.

^LIV “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^LV “went” = bo. Same as “came” in v1. See note II above.
^LVI “army” = am. Same as “army” in v5. See note XLII above.
^LVII “night” = layil. Properly, this refers to light twisting away. It is used for night or midnight. Figuratively, this can mean adversity.

^LVIII “there” = hinneh. From hen (lo! Behold! If, though; an expression of surprise). This is to draw attention, show suddenness or surprise, or to emphasize the importance of the coming statement. See! Lo! Behold!
^LIX “sleeping” = yashen. 5x in OT. From yashen (to be languid or go slack; it can mean to sleep, become old or stale, or die). This is sleeping, sleepy, those who sleep.
^LX “spear” = chanit. Related to “encamped” in v3 & “camp” in v6. From chanah (see note XXII above). This is a spear or lance as a weapon that is thrust in the same way one pitches a tent.

^LXI “stuck” = maak. 4x in OT. This is to press, squeeze, or bruise. Figuratively, it can mean to emasculate.
^LXII “ground” = erets. Root may mean to be firm. This is earth, ground, field land, or country.
^LXIII “head” = meraashoth. 8x in OT. From rosh (head, captain, or chief; excellent or the forefront; first in position or in statue or in time). This is a place for one’s place so it could be a pillow, head rest, or other head piece.
^LXIV “army” = am. Same as “army” in v5. See note XLII above.

^LXV “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^LXVI “God” = Elohim. Related to “Israel” in v2. See note XX above.
^LXVII “given” = sagar. This is to shut up, imprison, lock, hand over, or figuratively surrender.
^LXVIII “enemy” = oyeb. From ayab (to hate or be hostile to). This is a foe or enemy as one that you are hostile to.

^LXIX “hand” = yad. This is hand, ability, power. Hand in a literal sense, but also what one can do or the means by which one does it.
^LXX “today” = yom. Root may mean being hot. This is the day in a literal or figurative sense. It can also mean birth, age, daylight, continually or other references to time.
^LXXI “now, therefore” = attah. Related to “said” in v6. Perhaps from et (a period or season; whenever or continually); probably from anah (see note XLIV above). This is now, from now on.
^LXXII “pin” = nakah. This is to hit whether lightly or severely. It can be used in a literal or figurative sense. So, this could be beat, punish, give wounds, kill, or slaughter.

^LXXIII {untranslated} = na. This particle is used for requests or for urging. It can be we pray, now, I ask you, oh. This is the same “na” in “hosanna.”
^LXXIV “one” = echad. Perhaps from achad (to unify, continue on a path; figuratively, to gather one’s thoughts). This is the number one, first, united. It can also be alone, altogether, a certain, a few.
^LXXV “stroke” = paam. From paam (to move, trouble; to tap in a regular rhythm; to agitate). This is a beat, stroke, footstep, or occurrence.
^LXXVI “twice” = shanah. This is to fold, repeat, double, alter, or disguise.

^LXXVII “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^LXXVIII “destroy” = shachath. This is to go to ruin, perish, decay, batter, cast off, lose, one who destroys. This can be used in a literal or figurative sense.
^LXXIX “raise” = shalach. Same as “sent out” in v4. See note XXVII above.
^LXXX “Lord’s” = YHVH. Related to “Zeruiah” and “Joab’s” in v6. See note LI above.
^LXXXI “anointed” = mashiach. From mashach (to smear or anoint; to run oil on, to consecrate). This is the anointed or consecrated one. So, it could refer to a king, priest, or saint. It is also the root of the word “messiah.”
^LXXXII “guiltless” = naqah. This is to be empty, cleanse, acquit, blameless, immune, innocent. It is to be clean or to make clean in a literal or figurative sense. It can also be bare in a negative sense, destroyed.

^LXXXIII “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^LXXXIV “lives” = chay. From chayah (to live or keep alive literally or figuratively). This is alive, living, lifetime. It can also be used to describe someone’s age. It can refer to animals, plants, water, or a company or congregation of people. It is life in a very broad sense.
^LXXXV “strike…down” = nagaph. This is to strike, beat, hurt, stumble, defeat, inflict disease.

^LXXXVI “day” = yom. Same as “today” in v8. See note LXX above.
^LXXXVII “die” = mut. This is to die in a literal or figurative sense. It can also refer to being a dead body.
^LXXXVIII “battle” = milchamah. From lacham (to eat or feed on; figuratively, to battle as a kind of consumption/destruction). This is battle, war, fighting, or one who fights (i.e. a warrior).
^LXXXIX “perish” = saphah. This is to capture, sweep away, scrape, remove, heap up, scatter, ruin, or perish.

^XC “forbid” = chalilah. From chalal (to defile, pollute). This is literally something that is profaned. It is used to mean “God forbid” or “far be it.”
^XCI “raise” = shalach. Same as “sent out” in v4. See note XXVII above.
^XCII “take” = laqach. This is to take, accept, carry away, receive. It can also have the sense of take a wife or take in marriage.
^XCIII {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LXXIII above.

^XCIV “water” = mayim. This is water, waters, or waterway in a general sense. Figuratively, it can also mean juice, urine, or semen.
^XCV “jar” = tsappachath. 7x in OT. This is jar, cruse, or saucer.
^XCVI “go” = halak. This is go, come, walk. It is walk literally and figuratively and includes people and animals. It can be used figuratively for one’s moral life – how we walk according to God’s way or against it. It can also refer to the walk of life as in the course one’s life takes, the choices we make, etc.

^XCVII “head” = raashoth. Related to “head” in v7. 1x in OT. From the same as marashah (possession, inheritance, headship); from the same as meraashoth (see note LXIII above). This is beginning, pillow, or bolster.
^XCVIII “went away” = halak. Same as “go” in v11. See note XCVI above.
^XCIX “no one” = ayin. Perhaps from a word that means to be nothing. This means nothing, none, non-existent. It can also simply mean not or are not.

^C “or” = ayin. Same as “no one” in v12. See note XCIX above.
^CI “knew” = yada. Same as “learned” in v4. See note XXIX above.
^CII “nor” = ayin. Same as “no one” in v12. See note XCIX above.
^CIII “awake” = quts. Related to qayits (fruit, harvest, dry season); from quts (summer, clip off). This is arise or watch. It is to awake in a literal or figurative sense.

^CIV “all” = kol. From kalal (to complete). This is all or every.
^CV “asleep” = yashen. Related to “sleeping” in v7. See note LIX above.
^CVI “deep sleep” = tardemah. 7x in OT. From radam (asleep or sleeper; a heavy sleep – being stupefied either of sleep or death). This is a deep sleep, lethargy, or trance. It is the word used for the deep sleep God put Adam under in Genesis 2:21 as Eve was being formed.
^CVII “fallen” = naphal. This is to fall, whether by accident, to fall prostrate, or to fall in violent death. Figuratively, it can refer to personal ruin or calamity, a city falling, an attack or a falling away. It can also be a deep sleep or wasting away.

^CVIII “went over” = abar. This is to pass over or cross over. It is used for transitions, whether literal or figurative. It can also mean to escape, alienate, or fail. This is the root verb from which “Hebrew” is drawn.
^CIX “other side” = eber. Related to “went over” in v13. From abar (see note CVIII above). This is the place across or beyond, by, from, other, the opposite side, against, over. It often refers to the other side of the Jordan river or toward the east.
^CX “stood” = amad. This is to stand up in a literal or figurative sense. So it can be establish, continue, endure, take a stand, act, be a servant, stand still, remain, stand against an enemy.
^CXI “top” = rosh. Related to “head” in v7 & “head” in v12. See note LXIII above.
^CXII “hill” = har. From harar (hill or mountain). This is mountain, hill, hilly region.

^CXIII “great” = rab. From rabab (increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc.). This is abundance, many, elder, exceedingly, great. It refers to abundance of amount, rank, or status.
^CXIV “distance” = rachoq. From rachaq (to widen, become distant, cast, or remove in a literal or figurative sense). This is distant or far, whether of space or of time.
^CXV {untranslated} = maqom. Same as “place” in v5. See note XXXIII above.
^CXVI “between” = bayin. From bin (to discern, consider, attend to; distinguishing things in one’s mind or, more generally, to understand). This is among, between, interval.

^CXVII “called” = qara. This is to call or call out – to call someone by name. Also used more broadly for calling forth.
^CXVIII “army” = am. Same as “army” in v5. See note XLII above.
^CXIX “saying” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXX “answer” = anah. Same as “said” in v6. See note XLIV above.
^CXXI “replied” = anah. Same as “said” in v6. See note XLIV above.
^CXXII {untranslated} = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXXIII “king” = melek. Related to “Ahimelech” in v6. See note XLVI above.

^CXXIV “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXXV “kept watch” = shamar. This is to keep, watch, or preserve. It means to guard something or to protect it as a thorny hedge protects something.
^CXXVI “lord” = adon. From a root that means ruling or being sovereign. This is lord, master, or owner.
^CXXVII “people” = am. Same as “army” in v5. See note XLII above.
^CXXVIII “came in” = bo. Same as “came” in v1. See note II above.
^CXXIX “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v15. See note CXXVI above.

^CXXX “thing” = dabar. Related to “wilderness” in v2. From dabar (see note XIV above). This is speech, a word, a matter, an affair, charge, command, message, promise, purpose, report, request. It is a word, which implies things that are spoken of in a wide sense.
^CXXXI “done” = asah. This is to make, do, act, appoint, become in many senses.
^CXXXII “good” = tob. From tob (to be pleasing, to be good). This is good, beautiful, pleasant, agreeable, bountiful, at ease. This word is used for goodness as a concept, a good thing, a good person. This can refer to prosperity and welfare as well as joy, kindness, sweetness, and graciousness. So, this is ethically good, but also enjoyably good.

^CXXXIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CXXXIV “deserve” = ben. Same as “son” in v5. See note XXXVII above.
^CXXXV “die” = mavet. Related to “die” in v10. From muth (see note LXXXVII above). This can be death, deadliness, the dead, or the place where the dead go. It can be used figuratively for pestilence or ruin.
^CXXXVI “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v15. See note CXXVI above.
^CXXXVII “Lord’s” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CXXXVIII “head” = meraashoth. Same as “head” in v7. See note LXIII above.

^CXXXIX “recognized” = nakar. This is to recognize, examine, take notice, show, scrutinize. It is looking at something in a fixed way, showing perhaps respect or reverence. Alternately, it can show gazing with suspicion. Also, it can mean being strange towards someone or something and rejecting or ignoring it.
^CXL “voice” = qol. This is a sound, used often for human voices. Also used when God speaks or angels, animals or instruments. It can be a cry or a noise, thunder or earthquakes and so on.
^CXLI “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXLII “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXLIII “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v15. See note CXXVI above.

^CXLIV “added” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXLV “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v15. See note CXXVI above.
^CXLVI “pursue” = radaph + achar. Radaph is to chase after, pursue, hunt, or persecute. It is running after someone or something, generally with hostile motives. Achar is the same as “after” in v3. See note XXVI above.
^CXLVII “servant” = ebed. From abad (to work, serve, compel; any kind of work; used causatively, can mean to enslave or keep in bondage). This is a servant, slave, or bondservant.
^CXLVIII “guilt” = ra’. From ra’a’ (to be evil, bad, afflict; properly, to spoil – to destroy by breaking into pieces; figuratively, to cause something to be worthless; this is bad in a physical, social, or moral sense; that which displeases, to do harm or mischief, to punish or vex). This is bad, disagreeable, that which causes pain, misery, something having little or no value, something that is ethically bad, wicked, injury, calamity. This refers to anything that is not what it ought to be – a natural disaster, a disfigurement, an injury, a sin.

^CXLIX “lord” = adon. Same as “lord” in v15. See note CXXVI above.
^CL “hear” = shama. This is to hear, call, consent, or consider. It implies listening intelligently, giving attention, and, because of these two factors, obedience and action are often implied.
^CLI {untranslated} = na. Same as {untranslated} in v8. See note LXXIII above.
^CLII “words” = dabar. Same as “thing” in v16. See note CXXX above.

^CLIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CLIV “stirred…up” = suth. 18x in OT. Perhaps from shayith (a thorn-bush or thorn; some kind of wild growth); perhaps from shith (to place, set, bring, appoint, consider, bring, array or look). This is to incite, induce, persuade, provoke, mislead, remove. It could be from the root in the sense of being pricked or agitated. It can imply being seduced.
^CLV “accept” = ruach. 11x in OT. Related to riach (scent, odor, perceive). This is to blow or breathe. It can imply to perceive, anticipate, or enjoy.
^CLVI “offering” = minchah. This is a gift or an offering, particularly a sacrificial one that is generally bloodless and given spontaneously (voluntarily).

^CLVII “mortals” = ben + adam. Literally, “children of humanity.” Ben is the same as “son” in v5. See note XXXVII above. Adam is perhaps from adam (to be red, make ruddy); related to adamah (ground, dirt, earth). This is man, humankind, also Adam’s name. It refers to a human individual or humanity.
^CLVIII “before” = paneh. Same as “opposite” in v1. See note X above.
^CLIX “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CLX “driven…out” = garash. This is to cast out or expel. It can be to exile someone or to divorce them.

^CLXI “share” = saphach. 6x in OT. This is to join, assign, gather, mix, scrape, get a scab.
^CLXII “heritage” = nachalah. Related to nachal (to inherit, occupy, distribute, take as heritage). This is properly something that was inherited. It can mean occupancy generally or, more particularly, an heirloom or an estate. This can be an inheritance, gift, possession, or portion.
^CLXIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.

^CLXIV “saying” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXV “go” = halak. Same as “go” in v11. See note XCVI above.
^CLXVI “serve” = abad. Related to “servant” in v18. See note CXLVII above
^CLXVII “other” = acher. Related to “after” in v3. From achar (see note XXVI above). This is following, next, strange, other.
^CLXVIII “gods” = elohim. Same as “God” in v8. See note LXVI above.

^CLXIX “blood” = dam. Perhaps from damam (to cease, be or become mute, silent, still, cut off, hold peace, be astonished, die). This is blood, bloodshed, bloodguilt, lifeblood, and death. It is used for people and animals. More often blood from a wound or the blood of the innocent. Used figuratively for violence or for wine. Closely tied to life and death.
^CLXX “away from” = nagad. This is to declare, make conspicuous, stand in front, manifest, predict, explain.
^CLXXI “presence” = paneh. Same as “opposite” in v1. See note X above.
^CLXXII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.

^CLXXIII “come out” = yatsa. This is to go or come out, bring forth, appear. It is to go out in a literal or figurative sense.
^CLXXIV “single” = echad. Same as “one” in v8. See note LXXIV above.
^CLXXV “flea” = parosh. 2x in OT. Perhaps from parash (to separate, declare) OR para (to loosen, expose, begin, avoid, perish, cause to be naked) + ash (moth, moth-eaten, maggots, grass); {from ashesh (to shrink or waste away; figuratively, to fail or be consumed)}. This is a flea.
^CLXXVI “hunts” = radaph. Same as “pursue” in v18. See note CXLVI above.
^CLXXVII “partridge” = qore. Related to “called” in v14. 2x in OT. From qara (see note CXVII above). This is a caller or proclaimer. Hence, it could be a prophet or, figuratively, a partridge.
^CLXXVIII “mountains” = har. Same as “hill” in v13. See note CXII above.

^CLXXIX “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CLXXX “done wrong” = chata. This is properly to miss, and so figuratively it is used for sinning, bearing the blame. It implies a forfeiture or loss of something.
^CLXXXI “come back” = shub. To turn back, return, turn away – literally or figuratively. Doesn’t necessarily imply going back to where you started from. This is also the root verb for the Hebrew word for repentance “teshubah.”
^CLXXXII “harm” = ra’a’. Related to “guilt” in v18. See note CXLVIII above.
^CLXXXIII “again” = od. From ud (to admonish, repeat, duplicate, testify, restore, record, relieve). This is still, yet, again, more.

^CLXXXIV “because” = tachat. This is underneath, below, the bottom, instead of.
^CLXXXV “life” = nephesh. Related to naphash (to refresh or be refreshed). This is soul, self, person, emotion. It is a breathing creature. Can also refer to appetites and desires.
^CLXXXVI “was precious” = yaqar. 11x in OT. This is to be precious, costly, rare, valued; properly, to be heavy; figuratively, valuable or inhibit.
^CLXXXVII “sight” = ayin. This is eye in a literal or figurative sense so eye, appearance, favor, or a fountain (the eye of the landscape).

^CLXXXVIII {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as “there” in v7. See note LVIII above.
^CLXXXIX “been a fool” = sakal. 8x in OT. Perhaps from kasal (being or becoming stupid or foolish; properly, being fat and so figuratively silly or foolish). This is being or acting foolishly, whether intentionally or unintentionally.
^CXC “great” = rabah + meod. Rabah is increasing in any aspect whether quantity, authority, size, quality, greatness, etc. Meod is perhaps from the same as uwd (firebrand, a poker). This is very, greatly, exceedingly. It can also mean vehemence, force, abundance.
^CXCI “made a…mistake” = shagah. This is to mislead, stray, wander, deceive. It is to sin from ignorance, to make a mistake. It can also mean being enraptured.

^CXCII {untranslated} = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CXCIII “here” = hinneh. Same as “there” in v7. See note LVIII above.
^CXCIV “young men” = naar. May be from na’ar (to shake, toss up and down, tumble around). This is a child or a servant. It is a child in their active years so they could be aged anywhere from infancy to adolescence.
^CXCV “come over” = abar. Same as “went over” in v13. See note CVIII above.
^CXCVI “get” = laqach. Same as “take” in v11. See note XCII above.

^CXCVII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CXCVIII “rewards” = shub. Same as “come back” in v21. See note CLXXXI above.
^CXCIX “everyone” = ish. Same as “men” in v2. See note XIX above.
^CC “righteousness” = tsedaqah. From the same as tsedeq (rightness, righteousness, vindication. It is everything that is just or ethical. That which is right in a natural, moral, or legal sense. It also includes just weights (i.e. true weights). Figuratively, this is justice, righteousness, equity – even prosperity). This is righteousness, justice, righteous acts, and moral virtue.

^CCI “faithfulness” = emunah. From aman (to believe, endure, fulfill, confirm, support, be faithful, put one’s trust in, be steadfast. Figuratively, this is to be firm, steadfast, or faithful, trusting, believing, being permanent, morally solid). This word is literally firmness, but figuratively fidelity, faithfulness, honesty, responsibility, trust, truth, steadfastness. This word shares a root with the word “Amen.”
^CCII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CCIII “gave” = natan. This is to give, put, set, offer. It is to give literally or figuratively.

^CCIV “would” = abah. This is to breathe after, be willing, obey, accept, be content with, satisfy.
^CCV “raise” = shalach. Same as “sent out” in v4. See note XXVII above.
^CCVI “Lord’s” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CCVII {untranslated} = hinneh. Same as “there” in v7. See note LVIII above.
^CCVIII “life” = nephesh. Same as “life” in v21. See note CLXXXV above.
^CCIX “was precious” = gadal. This is to grow up, become great, become wealthy – to advance. The root meaning may be to twist in the sense of the process of growing.

^CCX “so” = ken. Related to “indeed” in v4. Perhaps from kun (see note XXX above). This is to set upright. Generally used figuratively to mean thus, so, afterwards, rightly so.
^CCXI “life” = nephesh. Same as “life” in v21. See note CLXXXV above.
^CCXII “be precious” = gadal. Same as “was precious” in v24. See note CCIX above.

^CCXIII “Lord” = YHVH. Same as “Lord’s” in v9. See note LXXX above.
^CCXIV “rescue” = natsal. This is to snatch someone or something away in a good sense – as rescue, defend, or deliver – or in a bad sense – as strip or plunder.
^CCXV “tribulation” = tsarah. From tsar (properly, a narrow or constricted place; figuratively, trouble, a pebble, an enemy, anguish, or distress); from tsarar (to bind, restrict, narrow, be cramped, an adversary). This is tightness, distress, affliction, trouble, or adversary.

^CCXVI “said” = amar. Same as “saying” in v1. See note V above.
^CCXVII “blessed be” = barak. This is to kneel, to bless. It is blessing God as part of worship and adoration or blessing humans to help them. It can be used as a euphemism to say curse God.
^CCXVIII {untranslated} = gam. This is also, moreover, again.
^CCXIX “do many things” = asah + asah. Same as “done” in v16. See note CXXXI above. The word is repeated twice – the first time as an Infinitive Absolute. The Infinitive Absolute serves to emphasize the sentiment of the word. It is rather like Foghorn Leghorn’s speech pattern, “I said, I said.”

^CCXX {untranslated} = gam. Same as {untranslated} in v25. See note CCXVIII above.
^CCXXI “succeed” = yakol + yakol. This is to be able, endure, overcome, prevail. The word is repeated twice – the first time as an Infinitive Absolute. The Infinitive Absolute serves to emphasize the sentiment of the word. It is rather like Foghorn Leghorn’s speech pattern, “I said, I said.”
^CCXXII “went” = halak. Same as “go” in v11. See note XCVI above.
^CCXXIII “way” = derek. Same as “road” in v3. See note XXIII above.
^CCXXIV “returned” = shub. Same as “come back” in v21. See note CLXXXI above.